. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Transl Res. 2015 Jul 8;166(5):401–411. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.06.015

Table I.

Subject characteristics

	Total (n = 115)	Quartile 1	Quartile 4
Characteristics
Age (y)	60 ± 7	51 ± 5	68 ± 5
BMI (kg/m²)	32.1 ± 3.6	28.1 ± 1.1	37.2 ± 2.4
HbA1c (%)	6.1 ± 0.4	5.7 ± 0.1	6.6 ± 0.3
FBG (mg/dL)	101.9 ± 10.7	86.0 ± 3.9	120.4 ± 10.6
2 h-BG (mg/dL)	133.6 ± 37.5	82.0 ± 11.0	199.0 ± 37.4
OGIS (mL × min⁻¹ × m⁻²)	359.6 ± 60.0	259.8 ± 33.4	450.9 ± 60.2
25(OH)D (ng/mL)	36 ± 24^*	13 64	70 ± 20
Delta 25OHD (ng/mL)	21 ± 23	−2 ± 5	56 ± 19
Total body fat (%)^†	35 ± 5	28 ± 4	41 ± 3
Android fat (%)^†	44 ± 8	34 ± 6	54 ± 3
Diet^‡
Energy (kcals)	2235 ± 978	1167 ± 270	3562 ± 748
Total fat (g)	95 ± 53	39 ± 12	168 ± 39
Saturated fat (g)	30 ± 19	12 ± 4	54 ± 19
Carbohydrates (g)	257 ± 157	111 ± 29	466 ± 155
Protein (g)	88 ± 34	48 ± 12	131 ± 20
Fiber (g)	18 ± 14	6 ± 3	34 ± 16

Abbreviations: 25(OH)D, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D; BMI, body mass index; Delta 25(OH)D, exit minus baseline; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; OGIS oral glucose insulin sensitivity; SD, standard deviation.

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Quartiles 1 and 4 are the lowest and highest quartiles for each variable.

P < 0.01.

^†

Body fat composition was measured by DXA and reported as % total fat and % android fat.

^‡

Dietary data were collected using 24 h dietary recall questionnaires and reported as absolute daily intake. Significance between baseline and exit using paired t test.