Table 1. Patient characteristics.
| Characteristics | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (range), yr | 63.3 (34–84) | |
| Sex | ||
| Male | 108 | 61.7 |
| Female | 67 | 38.3 |
| ECOG performance status | ||
| 0 | 96 | 54.9 |
| 1 | 79 | 45.1 |
| Tumor location | ||
| Head | 122 | 69.7 |
| Body | 36 | 20.6 |
| Tail | 17 | 9.7 |
| Operation name | ||
| PPPD | 101 | 57.7 |
| Whipple operation | 19 | 10.9 |
| Total pancreatectomy | 2 | 1.1 |
| Partial pancreatectomy | 53 | 30.3 |
| Pathology | ||
| Ductal adenoca | 144 | 82.3 |
| Mucinous adenoca | 6 | 3.4 |
| Acinar cell ca | 4 | 2.3 |
| IPMN c invasiveness | 21 | 12.0 |
| T stage | ||
| T1 | 11 | 6.3 |
| T2 | 14 | 8.0 |
| T3 | 143 | 81.7 |
| T4 | 7 | 4.0 |
| N stage | ||
| N0 | 88 | 50.3 |
| N1 | 87 | 49.7 |
| Stage | ||
| I | 21 | 12.0 |
| IIA | 67 | 38.3 |
| IIB | 81 | 46.3 |
| III | 6 | 3.4 |
| Grade | ||
| WD | 19 | 10.9 |
| MD | 108 | 61.7 |
| PD-UD | 15 | 8.5 |
| Unknown | 33 | 18.9 |
| Tumor size | ||
| < 3cm | 102 | 58.3 |
| ≥ 3cm | 73 | 41.7 |
| LVI | ||
| No | 121 | 69.1 |
| Yes | 54 | 30.9 |
| PNI | ||
| No | 66 | 37.7 |
| Yes | 109 | 62.3 |
| Resection status | ||
| R0 | 160 | 91.4 |
| R1 | 15 | 8.6 |
| PNE | ||
| No | 149 | 85.1 |
| Yes | 26 | 14.9 |
| Preoperative CA 19–9 | ||
| ≥ 200 U/mL | 111 | 63.4 |
| < 200 U/mL | 64 | 36.6 |
| Postoperative CA 19–9 | ||
| ≥ 40 U/mL | 130 | 74.2 |
| < 40 U/mL | 40 | 22.9 |
| Unknown | 5 | 2.9 |
Abbreviations: ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; PPPD = pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy; IPMN = Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; WD = well-differentiated; MD = moderately-differentiated; PD = poorly-differentiated; UD = undifferentiated LVI = lymphovascular invasion; PNI = perineural invasion; RM = resection margin; PNE = perinodal extension.