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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Dev Rev. 2016 Jun;40:25–71. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2016.02.001

Table 2.

Studies reviewed using the inhibitory control measures from Table 1 (or similar variants).

Numeric
index
Study
year
Study authors Inhibitory
control
measures
Exclusion
criterion
    1 1973 Strommen SI 0
    2 1977 Camp SI 0
    3 1981 LaVoie, Anderson, Fraze, & Johnson SI 0
    4 1984 Reed, Pien, & Rothbart BD 0
    5 1993 Ahadi, Rothbart, & Ye IC 0
    6 1994 Gerstadt, Hong, & Diamond DN 0
    7 1994 Rothbart, Ahadi, & Hershey IC 2
    8 1996 Diamond & Taylor DN 0
    9 1996 Hughes HG 0
  10 1996 Kochanska, Murray, Jacques, Koenig, & Vandegeest BD, IC, TO 0, 0, 2
  11 1996 Korkman, Liikanen, & Fellman KT 4
  12 1997 Kochanska, Murray, & Coy GR, IC, SH, SI 0, 0, 0, 0
  13 1998a Hughes HG 0
  14 1998b Hughes HG 0
  15 1998 Hughes, Dunn, & White HG 0
  16 2000 Berger, Jones, Rothbart, & Posner SC 0
  17 2000 Cole & Mitchell BD 0
  18 2000 Gerardi-Caulton IC, SC, TO 2, 0, 2
  19 2000 Kochanska, Murray, & Harlan IC, SH, TO 0, 0, 2
  20 2001 Carlson & Moses BD, DN, GS, IC, SC, TO 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0
  21 2001 Diamond DN 1
  22 2001 Floyd & Kirby BD, TO 0, 0
  23 2001 González, Fuentes, Carranza, & Estévez IC 0
  24 2001 Klenberg, Korkman, & Lahti-Nuuttila KT 0
  25 2001 Kochanska, Coy, & Murray BD, GR, IC, SI, TO 2, 2, 0, 2, 2
  26 2001 Rothbart, Ahadi, Hershey, & Fisher IC 0
  27 2002 Alexander, Goodman, Schaaf, Edelstein, Quas, &
Shaver
DN, IC 2, 2
  28 2002 Carlson, Moses, & Breton BD 0
  29 2002 Diamond, Kirkham, & Amso DN 0
  30 2002 Lang & Perner HG 2
  31 2002 Lengua IC, SI 4, 4
  32 2002 Murray & Kochanska BD, GR, SH, SI, TO 1, 1, 1, 1, 0
  33 2002 Perner, Kain, & Barchfeld KT 0
  34 2002 Sonuga-Barke, Dalen, Daley, & Remington BD 0
  35 2003 Blair & Peters DN 2
  36 2003 Deák & Narasimham DN 0
  37 2003 Fahie & Symons HG 4
  38 2003 Hala, Hug, & Henderson DN 0
  39 2003 Jones, Rothbart, & Posner BD, IC 0, 2
  40 2003 Kochanska & Knaack BD, GR, SH, TO 2, 2, 2, 2
  41 2003 Lengua IC, SI 4, 4
  42 2003 Peskin & Ardino DN 0
  43 2003 Rothbart, Ellis, Rueda, & Posner SC 0
  44 2003 Walker BD, DN, GS, TO 0, 0, 2, 0
  45 2004 Aksan & Kochanska BD 2
  46 2004 Blair, Peters, & Granger IC 2
  47 2004 Bohm, Smedler, & Forssberg HG, KT 2, 2
  48 2004 Carlson, Mandell, & Williams BD, GS, HG, IC, RC, SH, TO 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2
  49 2004 Carlson, Moses, & Claxton BD 0
  50 2004 Dalen, Sonuga-Barke, Hall, & Remington BD 2
  51 2004 Flynn, O’Malley, & Wood HG 0
  52 2004 Jahromi DN, IC 0, 0
  53 2004 Joseph & Tager-Flusberg DN, KT 3, 3
  54 2004 Simpson, Riggs, & Simon DN, GS 0, 0
  55 2004 Wolfe & Bell DN, IC 0, 0
  56 2005 Berwid, Curko Kera, Marks, Santra, Bender, &
Halperin
DN 0
  57 2005 Carlson BD, DN, GS, HG, LM, RC, SC,
SH, SI, TO
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0
  58 2005 Carlson, Davis, & Leach BD, GS, LM, TO 2, 2, 0, 2
  59 2005 Hughes & Ensor BS 2
  60 2005 Joseph, McGrath, & Tager-Flusberg DN, KT 4, 4
  61 2005 Lengua & Kovacs IC 4
  62 2005 Monks, Smith, & Swettenham DN 2
  63 2005 Olson, Sameroff, Kerr, Lopez, & Wellman IC, TO 0, 0
  64 2005 Pears & Fisher DN 2
  65 2005 Roberts & Powell DN 0
  66 2005 Roebers & Schneider BD, DN, GS, HG 2, 2, 2, 2
  67 2005a Simpson & Riggs DN 0
  68 2005b Simpson & Riggs DN 0
  69 2005 Tager-Flusberg & Joseph DN, KT 3, 3
  70 2006 Chasiotis, Kiessling, Hofer, & Campos BD, DN, HG 0, 0, 0
  71 2006 Chasiotis, Kiessling, Winter, & Hofer BD, DN, HG 0, 0, 0
  72 2006 Cromer, Stevens, DePrince, & Pears KT 2
  73 2006 Dennis IC 0
  74 2006 Hoff Esbjørn, Hansen, Greisen, & Mortensen KT 0
  75 2006 Hughes & Ensor BS 2
  76 2006 Livesey, Keen, Rouse, & White DN 0
  77 2006 Melinder, Endestad, & Magnussen DN 4
  78 2006 Pellicano, Maybery, Durkin, & Maley HG 4
  79 2006 Putnam & Rothbart IC 0
  80 2006 Sabbagh, Moses, & Shiverick BD 0
  81 2006 Sabbagh, Xu, Carlson, Moses, & Lee BD, DN, GS, TO 2, 2, 2, 2
  82 2006 Simpson & Riggs DN 0
  83 2006 Thorell & Wåhlstedt DN 0
  84 2007a Bell & Wolfe DN 1
  85 2007b Bell & Wolfe DN 0
  86 2007 Bernstein, Atance, Meltzoff, & Loftus BD, DN 0, 0
  87 2007 Bibok SH, RC 0, 0
  88 2007 Blair & Razza IC 2
  89 2007 Brocki, Nyberg, Thorell, & Bohlin DN, KT 2, 2
  90 2007 Carlson & Wang SI 0
  91 2007 Domitrovich, Cortes, & Greenberg DN 0
  92 2007 Flynn BD, HG 0, 0
  93 2007 Hinnant & O’Brien DN 0
  94 2007 Hrabok, Kerns, & Müller SC 0
  95 2007 Hughes & Ensor BS, DN, HG 0, 0, 0
  96 2007 Kochanska, Aksan, Penney, & Doobay BD, GR, GS, SH, SI, TO 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2
  97 2007 Lengua, Honorado, & Bush BD, DN, GS 0, 0, 0
  98 2007 Lewis, Dozier, Ackerman, & Sepulveda-Kozakowski DN 0
  99 2007 Marlow, Hennessy, Bracewell, Wolke, & The
EPICure Study Group
KT 0
100 2007 Pellicano HG 0
101 2007 Simpson & Riggs DN 0
102 2007 Smith-Donald, Raver, Hayes, & Richardson TO 0
103 2007 Tardif, So, & Kaciroti DN, HG 0, 0
104 2007 Visu-Petra, Benga, & Miclea KT 0
105 2007 von Stauffenberg & Campbell DN 0
106 2007a Wolfe & Bell DN, IC 1, 2
107 2007b Wolfe & Bell BD, DN, IC 0, 0, 0
108 2008 Albertson & Shore BD, GS 2, 0
109 2008 Bolnick BD, IC, KT, SI 0, 0, 0, 0
110 2008 Brooker TO 0
111 2008 Carlson & Meltzoff IC, SI 2, 0
112 2008 Holmboe, Pasco Fearon, Csibra, Tucker, & Johnson SC 0
113 2008 Hughes & Ensor BS, DN, HG 2, 2, 2
114 2008 Jennings, Sandberg, Kelley, Valdes, Yaggi, Abrew, &
Macey-Kalcevic
TO 2
115 2008 Karpinski, Scullin, & Montgomery-Downs DN, HG 0, 0
116 2008 Kloo, Perner, Kerschhuber, Dabernig, & Aichhorn RC 0
117 2008 Kochanska, Aksan, Prisco, & Adams BD, GR, GS, TO 2, 2, 2, 2
118 2008 Leerkes, Paradise, O’Brien, Calkins, & Lange DN 0
119 2008 Lunkenheimer, Dishion, Shaw, Connell, Gardner,
Wilson, & Skuban
IC 0
120 2008 Montgomery, Anderson, & Uhl DN 0
121 2008 Oh & Lewis DN, GS, HG, TO 0, 0, 0, 2
122 2008 Putnam, Rothbart, & Gartstein IC 0
123 2008 Ryan & Nelson DN 2
124 2008 Sinn, Bryan, & Wilson KT 4
125 2008 Talwar & Lee DN 0
126 2008 Wellman, Lopez-Duran, LaBounty, & Hamilton BD 0
127 2009 Beck, Riggs, & Gorniak BD, DN 0, 0
128 2009 Bibok, Carpendale, & Müller RC, SH 2, 2
129 2009a Hughes & Ensor BS 2
130 2009b Hughes & Ensor DN 0
131 2009 Hughes, Ensor, Wilson, & Graham DN 0
132 2009 Ito BD, GS, LM 0, 0, 0
133 2009 Kegel, van der Kooy-Hofland, & Bus DN 0
134 2009 Kochanska, Barry, Jimenez, Hollatz, & Woodard GR, GS, SS 2, 2, 2
135 2009 Lackner GS, HG, LM 0, 0, 0
136 2009 Rhoades, Greenberg, & Domitrovich DN 0
137 2009 Sabbagh, Bowman, Evraire, & Ito BD, GS, LM 0, 0, 0
138 2009 Siegal, Iozzi, & Surian DN 0
139 2009 Simpson & Riggs DN, GS 0, 0
140 2009 Tregay, Gilmour, & Charman HG 0
141 2010 Allan GS, LM 1, 0
142 2010 Bernier, Carlson, Bordeleau, & Carrier BS, SH 0, 0
143 2010 Bernier, Carlson, & Whipple BS, SH 0, 0
144 2010 Bigham HG 0
145 2010 Cutuli, Herbers, Rinaldi, Masten, & Oberg SI 0
146 2010 Cutuli, Wiik, Herbers, Gunnar, & Masten SI 4
147 2010 Dennis, Hong, & Solomon IC 0
148 2010 Eisenberg, Vidmar, Spinrad, Eggum, Edwards,
Gaertner, & Kupfer
IC 0
149 2010 Hayden, Klein, Sheikh, Olino, Dougherty, Dyson,
Durbin, & Singh
TO 2
150 2010 Huyder SI 1
151 2010 Kesek IC 2
152 2010 Kloo, Perner, & Giritzer DN 0
153 2010 Kolnik DN, HG, SI 0, 2, 2
154 2010 Lackner, Bowman, & Sabbagh GS, LM 0, 0
155 2010 Lane, Wellman, Olson, LaBounty, & Kerr GR, SH, SI 2, 0, 0
156 2010 Molfese, Molfese, Molfese, Rudasill, Armstrong, &
Starkey
KT 0
157 2010 Nampijja, Apule, Lule, Akurut, Muhangi, Elliott, &
Alcock
KT 0
158 2010 Obradović SI
159 2010 Pellicano HG 3
160 2010 Prado, Hartini, Rahmawati, Ismayani, Hidayati,
Hikmah, Muadz, Apriatni, Ullman, Shankar, &
Alcock
KT, TO 2, 2
161 2010 Qu, Audrey, Jun, & Qun LM 0
162 2010 Rakoczy BD 0
163 2010 Sabbagh, Hopkins, Benson, & Randall Flanagan GS 0
164 2010 Sulik, Huerta, Zerr, Eisenberg, Spinrad, Valiente, Di
Gunta, Pina, Eggum, Sallquist, Edwards, Kupfer,
Lonigan, Phillips, Wilson, Clancy-Menchetti,
Landry, Swank, Assel, & Taylor
BD, IC, KT 0, 0, 0
165 2010 Willoughby, Blair, Wirth, & Greenberg DN, SC 1, 1
166 2011 Allan & Lonigan GS, LM 0, 0
167 2011 Baker, Gjersoe, Sibielska-Woch, Leslie, & Hood BD, RC 0, 0
168 2011 Beck, Schaefer, Pang, & Carlson RC 2
169 2011 Blair, Granger, Willoughby, Mills-Koonce, Cox,
Greenberg, Kivlighan, & Fortunato
SC 0
170 2011 Chang, Olson, Sameroff, & Sexton IC, TO 1, 1
171 2011 Cutuli SI 1
172 2011 Drayton, Turley-Ames, & Guajardo BD, GS 0, 0
173 2011 Evans, Xu, & Lee BD, DN, TO 0, 0, 0
174 2011 Fuhs & Day DN 0
175 2011 Geng, Hu, Wang, & Chen IC 0
176 2011 Gleason, Fox, Drury, Smyke, Egger, Nelson, Gregas,
&Zeanah
BD 2
177 2011 Gusdorf, Karreman, van Aken, Deković, & van Tuijl IC, SH, TO 0, 0, 0
178 2011 Herbers, Cutuli, Lafavor, Vrieze, Leibel, Obradović,
& Masten
SI 1
179 2011 Hughes, Ensor, & Marks BS, DN 0, 0
180 2011 Kegel DN 0
181 2011 King BD 0
182 2011 Lagattuta, Sayfan, & Monsour DN 0
183 2011 Matte-Gagné & Bernier BS, BD, DN, SH 2, 2, 0, 2
184 2011 Monette, Bigras, & Guay DN, KT 0, 0
185 2011 Olson, Lopez-Duran, Lunkenheimer, Chang, &
Sameroff
IC, TO 1, 1
186 2011 Olson, Tardif, Miller, Felt, Grabell, Kessler, Wang,
Karasawa, & Hirabayashi
DN, GS, HG 0, 0, 0
187 2011 Phillips, Ruhl, Montague, Gasparovic, Caprihan,
Ohls, Schrader, & Lowe
BD 2
188 2011 Poulin-Dubois, Blaye, Coutya, & Bialystok RC, SH 0, 0
189 2011 Qu LM 0
190 2011 Raver, Jones, Li-Grining, Zhai, Bub, & Pressler SI 2
191 2011 Reck & Hund BD, DN, IC 4, 4, 4
192 2011 Rhoades, Greenberg, Lanza, & Blair SC 1
193 2011 Sulik BD, KT 0, 0
194 2011 Thompson BD, DN 0, 0
195 2011 Wellman, Lane, LaBounty, & Olson GR, SH, SI 1, 1, 1
196 2011 White, McDermott, Degnan, Henderson, & Fox DN, GS, IC 0, 0, 0
197 2011 Wiebe, Sheffield, Nelson, Clark, Chevalier, & Espy SH 0
198 2012 Bellagamba, Laghi, Lonigro, & Pace RC 1
199 2012 Bernier, Carlson, Deschênes, & Matte-Gagné BS, BD, DN, SH 1, 2, 0, 0
200 2012 Calderon, Angeard, Moutier, Plumet, Jambaqué, &
Bonnet
KT 0
201 2012 Carroll, Riggs, Apperly, Graham & Geoghegan GS 0
202 2012 Conway & Stifter DN 0
203 2012 Cuevas, Hubble, & Bell GS, IC 0, 0
204 2012 Duncan DN 0
205 2012 Duvall BD, RC 0, 0
206 2012 Dyson, Olino, Durbin, Goldsmith, & Klein TO 2
207 2012 Ford, Driscoll, Shum, & Macaulay BD, DN, HG 0, 0, 0
208 2012 Hammond, Müller, Carpendale, Bibok, &
Liebermann-Finestone
BD, HG, RC, SH 2, 1, 1, 0
209 2012 Hardaway, Wilson, Shaw, & Dishion IC 0
210 2012 Huyder & Nilsen SI 4
211 2012 Kim & Kochanska TO 2
212 2012 Lackner, Sabbagh, Hallinan, Liu, & Holden GS, HG, LM 1, 1, 1
213 2012 Lahat, Degnan, White, McDermott, Henderson,
Lejuez, & Fox
DN, GS 0, 0
214 2012 Masten, Herbers, Desjardins, Cutuli, McCormick,
Sapienza, Long, & Zelazo
SI 0
215 2012 Monette DN, KT 1, 1
216 2012 Müller, Liebermann-Finestone, Carpendale,
Hammond, & Bibok
BD, HG, RC, SH 2, 0, 0, 0
217 2012 Nilsen & Graham DN, GS 0, 0
218 2012 Röthlisberger, Neuenschwander, Cimeli, Michel, &
Roebers
GS, HG, SI 2, 2, 2
219 2012 Sage DN, GS 0, 0
220 2012 Smith, Sheikh, Dyson, Olino, Laptook, Durbin,
Hayden, Singh, & Klein
TO 2
221 2012 Steele, Karmiloff-Smith, Cornish, & Scerif SC 0
222 2012 van der Kooy-Hofland, van der Kooy, Bus, van
Ijzendoorn, & Bonsel
DN 0
223 2012 Viterbori, Gandolfi, & Usai TO 0
224 2012 Willoughby, Wirth, & Blair DN, SD 2, 2
225 2012 Zalewski, Lengua, Fisher, Trancik, Bush, & Meltzoff BD, DN, GS 0, 0, 0
226 2013 Allan, Lonigan, & Wilson GS, IC, LM 4, 4, 4
227 2013 Bellagamba, Laghi, Lonigro, Pace, & Longobardi RC 0
228 2013 Benson, Sabbagh, Carlson, & Zelazo BD, GS 0, 0
229 2013 Bernier, Beauchamp, Bouvette-Turcot, Carlson, &
Carrier
BS, SH 1, 1
230 2013 Brown, Ackerman, & Moore BD, DN 0, 0
231 2013 Carranza, González-Salinas, & Ato IC 0
232 2013 Caughy, Mills, Owen, & Hurst GS, SH 0, 0
233 2013 Choe, Olson, & Sameroff GR, IC, SH, SI, TO 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
234 2013 Choe, Lane, Grabell, & Olson TO 1
235 2013 Cipriano-Essel, Skowron, Stifter, & Teti DN, SH 2, 2
236 2013 Clark, Sheffield, Wiebe, & Espy SH 0
237 2013 Eisenberg, Edwards, Spinrad, Sallquist, Eggum, &
Reiser
BD, GS, IC, KT 0, 0, 1, 0
238 2013 Esposito, Baker-Ward, & Mueller DN 0
239 2013 Evans & Lee RC, SH 0, 0
240 2013 Kim, Nordling, Yoon, Boldt, & Kochanska DN, GS, GR, TO 0, 0, 0, 2
241 2013 Kraybill BD, DN, SH 0, 0, 0
242 2013 Kraybill & Bell BD, DN 2, 2
243 2013 Kryski, Dougherty, Dyson, Olino, Laptook, Klein, &
Hayden
TO 2
244 2013 Lane, Wellman, Olson, Miller, Wang, & Tardif DN, GS, HG 0, 0, 0
245 2013 Leve, DeGarmo, Bridgett, Neiderhiser, Shaw,
Harold, Natsuaki, Reiss
SH 0
246 2013 Lunkenheimer, Albrecht, & Kemp TO 0
247 2013 Macaulay & Ford DN, GS, HG 2, 2, 2
248 2013 Moran, Lengua, & Zalewski BD, DN 1, 1
249 2013 Orta, Corapci, Yagmurlu, & Aksan BD, DN 2, 2
250 2013 Pauli-Pott, Dalir, Mingebach, Roller, & Becker BD, DN, TO 0, 0, 0
251 2013 Pellicano HG 3
252 2013 Riggs, Jolley, & Simpson BD 0
253 2013 Smith, Blake, & Harris BD, DN 4, 4
254 2013 Smith, Kryski, Sheikh, Singh, & Hayden TO 2
255 2013 Sulik, Eisenberg, Silva, Spinrad, & Kupfer BD, KT 1, 0
256 2013 Thompson, Lengua, Zalewski, & Moran BD, DN 1, 1
257 2013 Watson & Bell DN, HG, IC, LM 0, 0, 0, 0
258 2013 Wyss RC 0
259 2014 Allan & Lonigan BD, DN, GS, KT, SH 4, 4, 4, 4, 4
260 2014 Calderon, Jambaqué, Bonnet, & Angeard DN, HG 0, 0
261 2014 Causey & Bjorklund BD, DN 0, 0
262 2014 Chien DN, SI 0, 0
263 2014 Choe, Olson, & Sameroff IC, TO 1, 1
264 2014 Choe, Shaw, Brennan, Dishion, & Wilson IC 0
265 2014 Cuevas & Bell BD, DN 0, 0
266 2014 Cuevas, Deater-Deckard, Kim-Spoon, Wang,
Morasch, & Bell
BD, DN 0, 0
267 2014 Cuevas, Deater-Deckard, Kim-Spoon, Watson,
Morasch, & Bell
BD, DN 1, 1
268 2014 Cutuli, Herbers, Lafavor, Ahumada, Masten, &
Oberg
SI 1
269 2014 Earhart & Roberts DN, HG 0, 0
270 2014 Fizke, Barthel, Peters, & Rakoczy BD, DN, GS 0, 0, 0
271 2014 Herbers, Cutuli, Monn, Narayan, & Masten SI 1
272 2014 Herbers, Cutuli, Supkoff, Narayan, & Masten SI 1
273 2014 Gandolfi, Viterbori, Traverso, & Usai BD, DN, RC, TO 0, 0, 0, 0
274 2014 Lengua, Kiff, Moran, Zalewski, Thompson, Cortes, &
Ruberry
BD, DN 0, 0
275 2014 Lerner & Lonigan BD, DN, HG, KT 0, 0, 0, 0
276 2014 Marshall & Drew BD, SI 0, 0
277 2014 Mayer, Abelson, & Lopez-Duran GR, IC, SH, SI, TO 1, 1, 1, 1, 1
278 2014 McClelland, Cameron, Duncan, Bowles, Acock,
Miao, & Pratt
DN, SI 0, 0
279 2014 Pauli-Pott, Roller, Heinzel-Gutenbrunner,
Mingebach, Dalir, & Becker
BD, DN, TO 1, 1, 1
280 2014 Skowron, Cipriano-Essel, Gatzke-Kopp, Teti, &
Ammerman
DN, SH 0, 0
281 2014 Utendale, Nuselovici, Saint-Pierre, Hubert,
Chochol, & Hastings
DN 0
282 2014 van Tilborg, Segers, van Balkom, & Verhoeven GS 0
283 2014 Verkerk TO 0
284 2015 Cheie, Veraksa, Zinchenko, Gorovaya, & Visu-Petra KT 0
285 2015 Di Norcia, Pecora, Bombi, Baumgartner, & Laghi RC 0
286 2015 Lengua, Moran, Zalewski, Ruberry, Kiff, &
Thompson
BD, DN 1, 1
287 2015 Petersen, Bates, & Staples BD, GS, SH 0, 0, 0
288 2015 Wiebe, Clark, De Jong, Chevalier, Espy, &
Wakschlag
SH 0

BD = Bear/Dragon, BS = Baby Stroop, DN = Day/Night, GR = Green-Red Signs, GS = Grass/Snow, HG = Hand Game, IC = Inhibitory Control subscale of CBQ, KT = Knock-Tap, LM = Less is More, RC = Reverse Categorization, SH = Shape Stroop, SI = Simon Says, SC = Spatial Conflict, TO = Tower.

Note: “Inhibitory Control Measures” column lists the inhibitory control measures from Table 1 that were examined by each study. “Exclusion Criterion” denotes the reason for exclusion (the exclusion criterion number), if the study was excluded from the meta-analysis for each of the respective inhibitory control measures (0 if the study was included). Study exclusion criteria were: 1 = having identical data to that of another included study, 2 = not reporting the information necessary to determine POM (after contacting authors), 3 = including only a clinical sample, and 4 = providing a single mean score for a sample of children whose ages spanned more than 3 years.