Table 1.
Characteristics of Continuous Flow LVAD Recipients at Pre and 6 months Post Implant
| Pre-Implant Characteristics | Pre-implant LVAD recipients with EQ-5D data (n=5640) | Pre-implant LVAD recipients without EQ-5D data (n=1713) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic and behavioral characteristics | |||
| Age at implant (mean years + SD) | 56.7 (± 12.86) | 57.1 (± 13.01) | 0.22 |
| Male (%) | 78.6 | 80.8 | 0.05 |
| Race (% white) | 70.5 | 67.7 | 0.02 |
| Married at time of implant (%) | 66.9 | 65.3 | 0.22 |
| > High school education (%) | 53.4 | 48.6 | 0.004 |
| Current smoker (%) | 8.6 | 6.0 | 0.0006 |
| Current alcohol abuse (%) | 11.0 | 8.4 | 0.003 |
| Current drug abuse (%) | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.10 |
| Pre implant clinical characteristics | |||
| Primary cardiac diagnosis (%) | |||
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 40.3 | 40.8 | 0.69 |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 47.8 | 50.0 | 0.21 |
| Other | 11.9 | 9.6 | 0.01 |
| NYHA class = IV (%) | 80.6 | 73.7 | <0.0001 |
| Inotrope therapy (%) | 82.5 | 74.6 | <0.0001 |
| Intra aortic balloon pump (%) | 28.5 | 27.0 | 0.23 |
| Ventilator (%) | 6.8 | 4.1 | <0.0001 |
| Other ventricular assist device (%) | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0.0008 |
| Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (%) | 81.5 | 83.9 | 0.03 |
| RVEF (%) | 19.3 | 19.4 | 0.95 |
| INTERMACS profile at implant (%) | |||
| 1 | 15.3 | 10.8 | < 0.0001 |
| 2 | 40.8 | 35.8 | 0.0002 |
| 3 | 27.2 | 26.4 | 0.55 |
| 4 | 12.4 | 18.9 | < 0.0001 |
| 5 | 2.3 | 4.8 | < 0.0001 |
| 6 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 0.04 |
| 7 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.04 |
| Device strategy (%) | |||
| Bridge to transplant – listed | 27.9 | 24.7 | 0.01 |
| Bridge to transplant – likely to be eligible | 22.8 | 27.1 | 0.0002 |
| Bridge to transplant – moderately likely to be eligible | 10.2 | 9.4 | 0.34 |
| Bridge to transplant-unlikely to become eligible | 3.2 | 3.6 | 0.50 |
| Destination Therapy | 34.8 | 36.0 | 0.88 |
| Bridge to Recovery | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.81 |
| 6 Month Post Implant Characteristics | 6 month post implant LVAD recipients with EQ-5D data (n=4174) | 6 month post implant LVAD recipients without EQ-5D data (n=1757) | p-value |
| 6 month post implant clinical characteristics | |||
| Implant hospital length of stay (days + SD) | 25.4 ± 23.1 | 24.4 ± 24.8 | 0.14 |
| Discharge to home (%) | 77.1 | 75.5 | 0.21 |
| Re-hospitalization within 6 months of discharge (%) | 55.5 | 56.2 | 0.51 |
| Most common adverse events through 6 months post implant (%) | |||
| Bleeding | 32.9 | 31.2 | 0.21 |
| Infection | 33.3 | 34.9 | 0.24 |
| Cardiac Arrhythmia | 23.4 | 22.7 | 0.59 |
| Renal Dysfunction | 6.1 | 5.5 | 0.37 |
| Neurological Dysfunction | 10.0 | 7.8 | 0.007 |
| Respiratory Failure | 12.3 | 11.2 | 0.23 |
NYHA=New York Heart Association; RVEF=right ventricular ejection fraction; INTERMACS=Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support