Table 3.
Series of linear regression models investigating the associations of each potential additional predictor individually on strength of urge (adjusted for moderate intensity physical activity, N = 98)
| Additional predictors (as specified in the first column) | Moderate PA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional predictors | SOU, mean difference (95 % CI) | t statistics (p) | SOU, mean difference (95 % CI) | t statistics (p) | |
| EQ-5D-3L | −10.23 (−26.87; 6.41) | −1.22 (0.225) | −0.08 (−0.13; −0.02) | −2.89 (0.005) | |
| PSS | 1.09 (0.01; 2.18) | 2.01 (0.048) | −0.08 (−0.13; −0.03) | −3.02 (0.003) | |
| MPSS | 8.16 (3.28; 13.04) | 3.32 (0.009) | −0.08 (−0.12; −0.03) | −3.06 (0.003) | |
| FTCD | 3.21 (1.06; 5.36) | 2.96 (0.004) | −0.07 (−0.12; −0.02) | −2.81 (0.006) | |
| mCEQ reward | 5.51 (1.98; 9.03) | 3.10 (0.003) | −0.08 (−0.13; −0.03) | −3.29 (0.001) | |
| ‘Alcohol consumption’a | Light/moderate drinkers | −25.36 (−37.08; −13.62) | Global statisticb: F (2,94) = 11.43, p < 0.001 | −0.077 (−0.12; −0.03) | −3.22 (0.002) |
| Heavy drinkers | −10.19 (−23.51; 3.14) | ||||
| Employment status | 5.89 (−3.40; 15.18) | 1.26 (0.211) | −0.07 (−0.13; −0.02) | −2.80 (0.006) | |
| Presence of a mental health conditionc | 10.80 (1.691; 19.91) | 2.32 (0.021) | −0.07 (−0.12; 0.02) | −2.77 (0.007) | |
| Met PA guidelines | 2.36 (−8.91; 13.63) | 0.42 (0.678) | −0.09 (−0.15; −0.03) | −2.95 (0.004) | |
| Gender | 1.49 (−7.75; 10.73) | 0.32 (0.750) | −0.08 (−0.13; −0.03) | −3.06 (0.003) | |
Statistically significant results are shown in italics
Key: EQ-5D-3L three-level European Quality of Life-5 Dimension questionnaire, FTCD Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence, mCEQ modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire, MPSS mood and physical symptoms scale, N number of participants, PA physical activity, PSS perceived stress scale, SOU strength of urge, 5 % CI 95 % confidence interval
a‘Non-drinkers’ (no alcohol consumption), ‘light/moderate drinkers’ (consuming between 1 and 6 alcoholic drinks on a typical day) and ‘heavy drinkers’ (consumed 7 or more alcoholic drinks on a typical day)
b p values for the global F statistic of the three levels alcohol consumption are derived from a Wald test
cAnswered ‘moderately’ or ‘extremely’ anxious or depressed to item 5 of the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire; ‘not drinking alcohol’ was the baseline category for ‘alcohol consumption’; ‘male’ was the baseline category for gender; ‘employed’ was the baseline category for employment status; ‘not meeting PA guidelines’ was the baseline category for Met PA guidelines; ‘lack of anxiety’ was the baseline category for presence of a mental health condition