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. 2016 May 5;7(5):e2213. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2016.117

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Copyright © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited

Cell Death and Disease is an open-access journal published by Nature Publishing Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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TERT regulates glycogen accumulation and senescence. (a) Costunolide induces glioma cell senescence in an ROS-dependent manner. The graph represents percentage β-gal-positive cells observed upon treatment with Costunolide in the presence and absence of NAc. (b) Costunolide decreases phospho-glycogen synthase GS(P) levels in an ROS-dependent manner. Western blot depicting GS(P) and GS levels in cells treated with different combinations of Costunolide and NAc. (c) Costunolide-mediated increase in glycogen accumulation is ROS dependent. Graph showing glycogen levels in cells treated with Costunolide in the presence and absence of NAc. (d) Transfection with DN-hTERT diminishes GS(P) levels and (e) increases glycogen accumulation in glioma cells. (f) siRNA-mediated knock-down of TERT decreases phosphorylated GS levels and (g) increases glycogen accumulation. (h) Western blot analysis demonstrating diminished GS(P) levels in glioma cells upon siRNA-mediated knock-down of TKT. (i) siRNA-mediated knock-down of TKT increases glycogen accumulation. (j) Western blot analysis depicting the effect of Nrf2 overexpression on Costunolide-induced changes in GS(P) and GS levels in glioma cells. Blots (b, d, f, h, and j) are representative of three independent experiments showing similar results. Blots were re-probed for β-actin to establish equivalent loading. The values in the graph (a, c, e, g, and i) represent the mean±S.E.M. from three independent experiments. *Significant change from control or non-specific siRNA or mock-transfected cells, ^#significant change from Costunolide-treated cells (P<0.05)