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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Discov. 2016 Apr 12;6(6):630–649. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-15-1157

Figure 1. Tumor metastasis is mediated by neutrophils.

Figure 1

(A) Total leukocyte (WBCs) and neutrophil counts in blood from control non-injected mice or 4-5 weeks post-implantation with murine breast carcinoma 4T1 cells. n ≥ 9 mice for each group. (B) Representative picture (top) and average weight (bottom) of spleen from naïve BALB/c (control) or 5 weeks after s.c implantation of mice with 4T1 cells. n ≥ 8 mice for each group. (C) 4T1 tumor weight in sham-operated BALB/c mice (control) or splenectomized mice. n ≥ 17 for each group. (D) Number of 4T1 lung metastases (per hematoxylin & eosin-stained section comprising all five lobes) in mice implanted with 4T1 cells in sham-operated BALB/c mice (control) or splenectomized mice. n ≥ 12 for each group. (E) Representative picture of lung lobes from sham surgery or splenectomized mice. Red arrows point to lung metastases. (F) D2A1 primary tumor weight 4-5 weeks after s.c implantation of mice with D2A1 cells contralateral to 4T1 cells or Matrigel (control). n ≥ 19 for each group. (G) D2A1 lung metastases (fold increase vs D2A1 injected contralaterally to Matrigel) in mice implanted with D2A1 cells contralateral to 4T1 cells or Matrigel (control). n ≥ 14 for each group. (H) D2A1 lung metastases (fold increase vs D2A1 injected contralaterally to Matrigel) in sham-operated or splenectomized mice implanted with D2A1 cells contralateral to 4T1 cells. n ≥ 8 for each group. * indicates p< 0.05. (I) Total leukocyte (WBCs) and neutrophil counts in blood from mice 4-5 weeks post-implantation with D2A1 cells ectopically expressing empty vector (control) or G-CSF. n ≥ 9 mice for each group. (J) D2A1 lung metastases spontaneously arising in mice bearing primary tumors of D2A1 cells ectopically expressing G-CSF or empty vector (control). n ≥ 7 for each group. (K) Number of D2A1-Tom+ metastases in lungs of mice lacking primary tumors 2 weeks after intravenous injection of D2A-Tom+ cells. Mice were injected with PBS, or anti-Ly6G antibody 24 hours before intravenous injection of cells. n ≥ 7 for each group. * indicates p< 0.05.