Table 4.
Vesicular stomatitis virus
| Virus | Virus design | In vitro | In vivo effects | Delivery route | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recombinant | |||||
| VSV-GFP | Δ51 VSV-expressing GFP HR strain of wt Indiana virus | N/A | Murine colon cancer; Infects and induces clot formation in tumor vasculature ⇓ Tumor perfusion ⇓ MVD |
IV | 94 |
| Combination | |||||
| VSVΔ51 + ZD6126 | Mutant VSV ZD6126: vascular disrupting agent |
N/A | Human HNSCC: Combination therapy: ⇑ Viral replication ⇑ Antitumor effects |
IV | 96 |
| rVSV-F + DSM | VSV-expressing NDV fusion protein + embolization with degradable starch microspheres | N/A | Rat HCC; ⇑ Tumor necrosis ⇑ Apoptosis ⇓ MVD (CD 31) |
Via hepatic artery | 98 |
| VSV (M51R) + Sunitinib | Attenuated mutant VSV Anti-VEGFR TKI |
N/A | Prostate, breast, and kidney tumors Increased antitumor effects of the combination |
IT | 97 |
Abbreviations: DSM, degradable starch microspheres; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; HR, heat resistant; IV, intravenous; MVD, microvessel density; N/A, not applicable; NDV, New castle disease virus; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; VSV, vesicular stomatitis virus; wt, wild-type; ⇑, increased; ⇓, decreased.