Fig. 2.

Curcumin blocked cAMP/PKA activation by restoring PDE3B. A, B: cAMP and AMP contents in adipose tissue incubated with PA or thapsigargin (Thaps) for 24 h were detected using ELISA (n = 6). C: Phosphorylation of PKA substrates in adipose tissue exposed to PA or Thaps and tunicamycin (Tun) for 24 h were examined by Western blot. D: The contents of cAMP and AMP in adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice were assayed used ELISA kits (n = 6). E: PDE3B protein expression in adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice or in adipose tissue from normal mice challenged with thapsigargin (1 μM) and tunicamycin (5 μg ml⁻¹) for 24 h were examined by Western blot; PDE activity was measured using a PDE activity assay kit (n = 6). F: Phosphorylation of PKA substrates in adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice were examined by Western blot. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD of four independent experiments. *P < 0.05 versus model; ^#P < 0.05 versus control.