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. 2016 Jun 23;11(6):e0157952. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157952

Table 1. Pianists and controls behavioural and neurophysiological data.

MEPamplitude and MAParea are reported as average of APB, ADM and ECR muscles. We included in the table t (or Z) and p values of the post-hoc comparisons if a significant interaction between “group” and “side” factors was obtained from the ANOVA analysis, as well as F and p values if a significant effect of “group” or/and “side” factors was obtained from the ANOVA analyses without significant interaction between factors.

statistics
Side Controls Pianists DH vs NDH DH vs NDH Controls vs pianists
Controls Pianists
DH 16.2±1.6 15.5 ±0.9 n.s.
NHPT Z = 2.9; p = 0.003 n.s.
(sec) NDH 18.2±1.8 15.9±1.8 U = 36.5; Z = 3.14; p = 0.001
DH 6.1±1.1 6.5±0.7
FT F1,22 = 100.6; p<0.001 F1,22 = 100.6; p<0.001 F1,22 = 3.8; p = 0.06
NDH 4.9±0.9 5.6±0.6
DH 46±5 46±6
RMT n.s. n.s. n.s.
(%) NDH 48±6 46±5
DH 638±417 710±447
MEPamplitude n.s. n.s. n.s.
(μV) NDH 591±279 546±278
DH 18.3±7.1 12.9±3.4 t(22) = 2.4; p = 0.02
Maparea t(11) = 4.45; p = 0.001 n.s.
(cm2) NDH 12.1±3.7 13.8±4.3 n.s.
DH 0.86±0.1 0.85±0.1
CoGdistance F1,22 = 15; p = 0.001 F1,22 = 15; p = 0.001 n.s.
(cm) NDH 1.58±0.2 1.52±0.3
DH 0.8±0.09 0.6±0.07 t(22) = 5.1; p<0.001
Overlap t(11) = 6.7; p<0.001 n.s.
NDH 0.6±0.09 0.5±0.09 t(22) = 2; p = 0.06
DH 224,5±128,3 201,8±109,5
EMG n.s. n.s. n.s.
NDH 245,5±142,4 211,9±102,7
DH 50.1±3.3 56.9±2.7 n.s.
n-iSParea t(10) = 3.7; p = 0.004 n.s.
NDH 37.9±3.9 53.9±3.1 t(20) = 3.2; p = 0.004
DH 44±8 41.5±10
iSPduration n.s. n.s. n.s.
(msec) NDH 42.0±13 38.8±12

Abbreviations: DH/NDH = dominant/non dominant hemisphere or hand; NHPT = nine hole peg test; RMT = resting motor threshold; MEP = motor evoked potentials; n-iSParea = normalized iSParea; CoG = center of gravity; n.s. = not significative