Table 3.

Cox Proportional Hazard Models of Cliniocopathologic Factors on Survival of Patients After Tumor Resection

	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age (<61y/≥61y)	1.52 (0.84–2.73)	0.163
Sex (male/female)	0.84 (0.46–1.53)	0.565
Extent of initial disease (BR/LA)	1.39 (0.77–2.50)	0.279
Pre-operative therapy treatment duration (<6 months/≥6 months)	2.16 (1.35–3.47)	0.001	4.79 (1.05–21.9)	0.043
Adjuvant chemotherapy (no/yes)	0.71 (0.32–1.61)	0.415
Tumor size on initial CT (<3cm/≥3cm)	1.17 (0.57–2.38)	0667
Tumor size on downstaged CT (<1.8cm/≥1.8cm)	1.45 (0.72–2.94)	0.300
CT size change (<30%/≥ 30%)	1.58 (0.70–3.60)	0.273
Initial CA19-9 (<200 U/mL/≥200 U/mL)	1.89 (0.91–3.94)	0.089	1.02 (0.36–2.84)	0.976
Downstaged CA 19-9 (≤35 U/mL/>35 U/mL)	2.49 (1.20–5.21)	0.015	3.45 (1.06–11.2)	0.039
Ca19-9 change (<50%/≥50%)	0.72 (0.26–1.98)	0.520
Chemotherapy (single agent/multiple agents)	0.43 (0.15–1.24)	0.12
XRT (no/yes)	0.971(0.72–1.32)	0.848
Vascular resection (no/yes)	1.57 (0.69–3.58)	0.285
T stage (T0–T2/T3–T4)	3.95 (3.44–6.90)	0.001	2.53 (0.60–10.6)	0.206
Grade (Well-moderately differentiated/poorly differentiated)	2.14 (1.00–4.55)	0.049	8.70 (1.66–45.5)	0.010
LN involvement (negative/positive)	3.07 (1.62–5.81)	0.001	2.56 (0.78–8.47)	0.123
LVI (not present/present)	1.85 (0.97–3.52)	0.064	1.72 (0.16–2.06)	0.401
PNI (not present/present)	2.79 (1.37–5.68)	0.005	1.00 (0.16–6.21)	0.998
Margin (R0/R1)	1.75 (0.80–3.82)	0.138
HP response (moderate-complete response/poor-partial response)	10.1 (2.24–45.5)	0.003	1.00 (0.01–2.94)	0.925

HR indicates hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; y, year; BR, borderline resectable; LA locally advanced; cm, centimeters; CA 19-9, serum cancer antigen 19-9 level; XRT, radiation therapy; LN, lymph node; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; PNI, perineural invasion; HP, histopathologic