Table 1.
Study, Sample, and Treatment Characteristics of the 31 Studies (68 treatments) included in the Meta-Analysis.
| Study Characteristics | |
|---|---|
|
| |
| Publication year | |
| Mdn | 2007 |
| Range | 1991-2015 |
|
| |
| Data collection year | |
| Mdn | 2004 |
| Range | 1989-2010 |
|
| |
| Published in journals, % | 94 |
|
| |
| Funded study, % | 68 |
|
| |
| Sample Characteristics | |
|
| |
| Sample size, Mdn/M | 151/287 |
|
| |
| Retention, M% (SD) | 77 (21) |
|
| |
| Age, M (SD) (n = 24) | 19 (0.51) |
|
| |
| Sex, % women (n = 30) | 35 |
|
| |
| Ethnicity, % White (n = 28) | 85 |
|
| |
| Risk Characteristics | |
|
| |
| Baseline alcohol use, % (n = 29) | 100 |
|
| |
| Quantity, M (SD), n = 23 | 13 (6) |
|
| |
| Problems, M (SD), n = 16 | 7 (4) |
|
| |
| Year in school, % (n = 24) | |
| First | 58 |
| Second | 27 |
| Third | 12 |
| Fourth | 5 |
|
| |
| Greek members, % (n = 9) | 22 |
|
| |
| Institution Characteristics | |
|
| |
| Region, no. of studies | |
| U.S. Northeast | 15 |
| U.S. Southeast | 4 |
| U.S. Midwest | 3 |
| U.S. Northwest | 6 |
| U.S. Southwest | 3 |
|
| |
| Institution(s), % | |
| Public university | 61 |
| Private university | 36 |
| Private university/liberal arts college | 3 |
|
| |
| Size of institution, % | |
| Small (<5,000) | 9 |
| Medium (5,000-15,000) | 19 |
| Large (>15,000) | 72 |
|
| |
| Design and Measurement | |
|
| |
| Randomized controlled trial, % | 68 |
|
| |
| Provided incentives, % | 61 |
|
| |
| Follow-up length, % | |
| <3 months | 29 |
| 3 to 5 months | 26 |
| ≥ 6 months | 45 |
|
| |
| Treatment Characteristics | |
|
| |
| Dose, Mdn (Range) | |
| Sessions | 1 (1 - 4) |
| Minutes | 60 (5 - 450) |
|
| |
| Delivery method, % | |
| FTF | 74 |
| CDI | 19 |
| Computer-facilitated FTF | 4 |
| FTF and CDI | 1 |
| Written (facilitator provided) | 1 |
|
| |
| Type of delivery, % | |
| Individual | 59 |
| Group | 39 |
| Both individual and group | 1 |
|
| |
| Group size, Mdn (Range) | 10 (2-19) |
|
| |
| Group composition, % mixed-sex | 74 |
|
| |
| Facilitators, Mdn (Range) | 1 (0 – 6) |
|
| |
| Type of Facilitators, % | |
| Peers | 12 |
| Paraprofessionals | 18 |
| Professionals-in-training | 31 |
| Professionals | 0 |
| Multiple | 16 |
| None | 24 |
|
| |
| Treatment Components | |
|
| |
| Personalized feedback, % | 82 |
|
| |
| Normative comparisons, % | 90 |
|
| |
| Alcohol/BAC education, % | 85 |
|
| |
| Moderation strategies, % | 79 |
|
| |
| Goal-setting, % | 62 |
|
| |
| Challenges to expectancies, % | 60 |
|
| |
| Focus on high-risk situations, % | 44 |
|
| |
| Skills training, % | 29 |
|
| |
| Decisional balance exercise, % | 26 |
|
| |
| Values clarification, % | 10 |
|
| |
| Writing/journaling, % | 9 |
|
| |
| Provided materials, % | |
| Generic | 34 |
| Tailored | 41 |
|
| |
| Boosters | 6 |
Note. n, number of studies. FTF, face-to-face. CDI, computer-delivered intervention.