Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 10.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Lett. 2015 Dec 23;381(1):201–210. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.047

Table 1.

Phase II Clinical Trials using Anti-Angiogenic Agents in PDAC

Ref Phase Group Drug Experimental Arm Active Comparator Arm Hazard Ratio
[44] Kindler et al. 2005 II advanced Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 21% (11–35%)

    • 6 m survival: 77% (63–86%)

    • OS: 8.8 m (7.4–9.7 m)

    • PFS: 5.4 m (3.7–6.2 m)

 NA NA
[46] Ko et al. 2008 II metastatic Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab + cisplatin + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 19.2%

    • OS: 8.2 m (6.9–11.1 m)

    • TTP: 6.6 m (4.6–8.8 m)

 NA NA
[47] Javle et al. 2009 II advanced Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab + capecitabine + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 22%

    • OS: 9.8 m (8.3–11.9 m)

    • PFS: 5.8 m (4.2–7.8 m)

 NA NA
[48] Crane et al. 2009 II locally advanced (unresectable) Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab + capecitabine + radiation followed by gemcitabine + bevacizumab

    • ORR: 26%

    • OS: 11.9 m (9.9–14 m)

    • PFS: 8.6 m (6.9–10.5 m)

 NA NA
[49] Fogelman et al. 2011 II advanced Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab + oxaliplatin + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 36%

    • 6 m survival: 74%

    • OS: 11.9 m

    • PFS: 4.9 m

 NA NA
[50] Small et al. 2011 II localized Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab + radiation + gemcitabine, then surgery or bevacizumab + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 11% (4–24%)

    • 6 m survival: 86%

    • OS: 11.8 m

    • PFS: 9.9 m

 NA NA
[52] Astsaturov et al. 2011 II metastatic Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • bevacizumab

    • ORR: 0%

    • OS: 165 d

    • 43 d

  • bevacizumab + docetaxel

    • ORR: 0%

    • OS: 125 d

    • PFS: 48 d

 NA
[51] Van Buren II et al. 2013 II localized (potentially resectable) Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF-A monoclonal antibody)

  • neoadjuvant bevacizumab + gemcitabine, then radiation

    • OS: 16.8 m (14.9–21.3 m)

    • PFS: 6.6 m (4.9–12.4 m)

 NA NA
[67] Spano et al. 2008 II advanced Axitinib (SMI of VEGFRs)

  • axitinib + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 7% (2.4–16.1%)

    • OS: 6.9 m (5.3–10.1 m)

    • PFS: 4.2 m (3.6–10.2 m)

  • gemcitabine

    • ORR: 3% (0.1–15.3 %)

    • OS: 5.6 (3.9–8.8) m

    • PFS: 3.7 (2.2–6.7) m

  • OS HR 0.71 (0.44–1.13)

  • PFS HR 0.79 (0.43–1.45)
[69] O’Reilly et al. 2010 II metastatic (second-line therapy) Sunitinib (SMI of VEGFRs, PDGFRs, SCFR)

  • sunitinib

    • ORR: 1.4%

    • OS: 3.68 m (3.06–4.24 m)

    • PFS: 1.31 m (1.25–1.38 m)

 NA NA
[70] Reni et al. 2013 II metastatic (maintenance therapy) Sunitinib (SMI of VEGFRs, PDGFRs, SCFR)

  • sunitinib

    • ORR: 0%

    • OS: 10.6 m (6.2–18.9 m)

    • PFS: 3.2 m

  • observation

    • ORR: 0%

    • OS: 9.2 m (5.9–16.3 m)

    • PFS: 2 m

  • OS HR 0.11 (0.4–1.26)

  • PFS HR 0.51* (0.29–0.89)
[71] El-Khoueiry et al. 2012 II metastatic Sorafenib (SMI of BRAF, VEGFR-2, PDGFRB)

  • sorafenib

    • 6 m survival: 43%

    • OS: 4.3 m (3.3–8.3 m)

    • PFS: 2.3 m (1.2–5.7 m)

  • sorafenib + gemcitabine

    • 6 m survival: 53%

    • OS: 6.5 m (5.5–8 m)

    • PFS: 2.9 m (2.1–4.3 m)

 NA
[72] Kindler et al. 2012 II advanced Sorafenib (SMI of BRAF, VEGFR-2, PDGFRB)

  • sorafenib + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 0%

    • 6 m survival: 23% (6–47%)

    • OS: 4 m (3.4–5.9 m)

    • PFS: 3.2 m (1.6–3.6 m)

 NA NA
[74] Cascinu et al. 2014 II advanced Sorafenib (SMI of BRAF, VEGFR-2, PDGFRB)

  • sorafenib + cisplatin + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 3.4%

    • OS: 7.5 m (5.6–9.7 m)

    • PFS: 4.3 m (2.7–6.5 m)

  • cisplatin + gemcitabine

    • ORR: 3.6%

    • OS: 8.3 m (6.2–8.7 m)

    • PFS: 4.5 m (2.5–5.2 m)

  • OS HR 0.95 (0.62–1.48)

  • PFS HR 0.92 (0.62–1.35)
[76] Dragovich et al. 2014 II advanced (second-line therapy) Vatalanib (SMI of VEGFRs, PDGFRs, SCFR, CSF1R)

  • vatalanib

    • ORR: 3.1%

    • 6 m survival: 29% (18–41%)

    • PFS: 2 m

 NA NA

Ref, Reference; SMI, small molecule inhibitor; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression free survival; TTP, time to progression; HR, hazard ratio; m, month(s); d, days(s); (95% confidence interval); *, statistically significant; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A (gene: VEGFA); VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptor; SCFR, mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (gene: KIT); BRAF, serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf; VEGFR-2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (gene: KDR); PDGFRB, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta; CSF1R, macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor