Fig. 2.

Overview on nanoparticle types that can be decorated with nanobodies to mediate selective targeting. Liposomes are based on lipid bilayers, while micelles and albumin-based NANAPs provide a hydrophobic core to encapsulate drugs. Polymersomes and polyplexes are synthetic polymer-based particles and represent relatively new vesicle types, of which the latter can be used to compact DNA plasmids. PEGylation is generally performed to extend blood half-life. Maleimidyl groups or polymer chains at the distal end of PEG enable conjugation with the nanobody.