Table 1.
Characteristics of Adult Diabetes Patients with and without Peripheral Neuropathy, DISTANCE (n=12,681)*
|
All
N=12,681 |
Did not report
symptoms N=8245 |
Reported symptoms
N=4436 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Race and Ethnicity* | |||
| White | 3917 (30.9) | 2341 (28.4) | 1576 (35.5) |
| Chinese | 1055 (8.3) | 832 (10.1) | 223 (5.0) |
| African American | 2763 (21.8) | 1750 (21.2) | 1013 (22.8) |
| Latino | 3080 (24.3) | 2058 (25.0) | 1022 (23.0) |
| Filipino | 1866 (14.7) | 1264 (15.3) | 602 (13.6) |
| Agegroup* | |||
| <50 | 2232 (17.6) | 1561 (18.9) | 671 (15.1) |
| 50-64 | 6287 (49.6) | 4001 (48.5) | 2286 (51.5) |
| 65+ | 4162 (32.8) | 2683 (32.5) | 1479 (33.3) |
| Gender* | |||
| Female | 6359 (50.2) | 4073 (49.4) | 2286 (51.3) |
| Male | 6322 (49.9) | 4172 (50.6) | 2150 (48.5) |
| Education* | |||
| Did not graduate high school |
1857 (14.6) | 1196 (14.5) | 661 (14.9) |
| High School Graduate, no college |
3604 (28.4) | 2325 (28.2) | 1279 (28.8) |
| Some College | 3331 (26.3) | 2081 (25.2) | 1250 (28.2) |
| College Graduate+ | 3632 (28.6) | 2468 (29.9) | 1164 (26.2) |
| Missing | 257 (2.0) | 175 (2.1) | 82 (1.9) |
|
BMI (Mean (standard
deviation))* |
31.5 (7.2) | 31.0 (7.0) | 32.3 (7.4) |
| Missing | N=2220 | N=1409 | N=811 |
| Diabetes Severity | |||
|
Average Duration of
Diabetes (yrs) (Mean (standard deviation))* |
9.6 (8.1) | 9.0 (7.8) | 10.7 (8.6) |
| Missing | N=55 | N=37 | N=18 |
| Most Recent A1c | |||
| >7.0* | 5534 (43.6) | 3438 (41.7) | 2096 (47.3) |
| >9.0* | 1441 (11.4) | 841 (10.2) | 600 (13.5) |
| Missing | 1175 (9.3) | 796 (9.7) | 379 (8.5) |
| Any Insulin Use* | |||
| Yes | 2251 (17.8) | 1170 (14.2) | 1081 (24.4) |
| No | 10430 (82.3) | 7075 (85.8) | 3355 (75.6) |
|
Depressive Symptoms
(PHQ8≥10)* |
|||
| Yes | 1262 (10.0) | 578 (7.0) | 684 (15.4) |
| No | 8571 (67.6) | 5884 (71.4) | 2687 (60.6) |
| Missing | 2848 (22.5) | 1783 (21.6) | 1065 (24.0) |
| Medicaid Insured* | |||
| Yes | 177 (1.4) | 83 (1.0) | 94 (2.1) |
| No | 12504 (98.6) | 8162 (99.0) | 4342 (97.9) |
|
Number of outpatient
visits* |
|||
| Above median† | 6591 (52.0) | 3975 (48.2) | 2616 (59.0) |
| Below median | 6090 (48.0) | 4270 (51.8) | 1820 (41.0) |
| Communication Measures | |||
|
Difficulty with English
(Speaking/Understanding)* |
|||
| Yes | 1626 (12.8) | 1067 (12.9) | 559 (12.6) |
| No | 9273 (73.1) | 6078 (73.7) | 3195 (72.0) |
| Missing | 1782 (14.1) | 1100 (13.3) | 682 (15.4) |
|
Inadequate Health
Literacy* |
|||
| Yes | 2967 (23.4) | 1807 (21.9) | 1160 (26.2) |
| No | 7851 (61.9) | 5278 (64.0) | 2573 (58.0) |
| Missing | 1863 (14.7) | 1160 (14.1) | 703 (15.9) |
|
Patient-Provider
Communication* |
|||
| CAHPS score=100 | 4374 (34.5) | 3064 (37.2) | 1310 (29.5) |
| CAHPS score < 100 | 5397 (42.6) | 3305 (40.1) | 2092 (47.2) |
| Missing | 2910 (23.0) | 1876 (22.8) | 1034 (23.3) |
|
Discusses Pain with
Provider* |
|||
| Yes | 6110 (48.2) | 3601 (43.7) | 2509 (56.6) |
| No | 2255 (17.8) | 1605 (19.5) | 650 (14.7) |
| MIssing | 4316 (34.0) | 3039 (36.9) | 1277 (28.8) |
|
Diabetic Peripheral
Neuropathy Diagnosis* |
|||
| Yes | 3462 (27.3) | 1413 (17.1) | 2049 (46.2) |
| No | 9219 (72.7) | 6832 (82.9) | 2387 (53.8) |
Column percents presented, but may not sum to 100 due to rounding.
*
p-value < 0.05, Chi-square test for categorical variables or F-test for continuous variables
†
Median was 8 visits during the 12 months pre-baseline period (range: 0-254).