Table 1.
Africa/Georgiaa | Chinab | Indonesiac | |
---|---|---|---|
geological age | |||
range | 1.77–1.5 Ma | 0.78–0.25? Ma | 1.6–0.25? Ma |
brain size (cc) | |||
range | 546–1067 | 855–1225 | 813–1251 |
mean | 787 (with Dmanisi) 863 (without Dmanisi) |
1028 | 1038 933 (without Ngandong) |
femur length (mm) | |||
range | 386–485 | 378–413 (2) | 433–455 (3) |
mean | 437.5 (with Dmanisi) 450.5 (without Dmanisi) |
395 | 445 |
stature (cm) | |||
range | 148–186 | 141–154 (2) | 162–167 (3) |
mean | 164 (with Dmanisi) 167–171 (without Dmanisi) |
148 | 158 |
body mass (kg) | |||
mean | 52 (with Dmanisi) 55 (without Dmanisi) |
47 | 52 |
aEast African and Georgian results include both associated individuals and isolated elements. Crania include: KNM-ER 3733, 3883, 42700, KNM-WT 150000, Daka, OH 9, OH 12, Dmanisi D2280, D2282, D3444, D4500. Femora include: KNM-ER 736 and 737, OH 28 and 34, KNM-ER 1808 and adult estimates of KNM WT 15000 as well as body size estimates from Dmanisi ‘large’ and ‘small’ individuals and the Gona pelvis.
bChinese results include only isolated elements. Crania include: Hexian and Zhoukoudian II, II, V, VI, X, XI, XII. Femora include: Zhoukoudian Fem I, Fem IV. Stature and body mass based on femora.
cIndonesian results include only isolated elements. Crania include: Ngandong 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, Sangiran 2, 4, 10, 12, 17, Trinil and Sambungmacan specimens. Femora are from Trinil but exclude Trinil I. Stature includes range as per Trinil and mean includes Ngandong Tibia B.