Table 4.
Risk factors for disease relapse
| Univariate model | Multivariable model* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Variable | SHR (95% CI) | P-value | SHR (95% CI) | P-value |
| Time Period | ||||
| 85–94† | 1 (reference) | -- | 1 (reference) | -- |
| 95–99 | 1.47 (0.83–2.61) | 0.20 | 1.26 (0.68–2.33) | 0.47 |
| 00–04 | 1.21 (0.69–2.12) | 0.50 | 0.96 (0.53–1.77) | 0.91 |
| 05–09 | 1.72 (0.99–3.01) | 0.06 | 1.35 (0.71–2.55) | 0.35 |
|
| ||||
| Age, years | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.17 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.92 |
|
| ||||
| Sex (female vs male) | 0.99 (0.70–1.39) | 0.94 | ||
|
| ||||
| Race | ||||
| White | 1 (reference) | -- | ||
| Black | 0.63 (0.30–1.30) | 0.21 | ||
| Other | 0.99 (0.48–2.04) | 0.98 | ||
|
| ||||
| Diagnosis | ||||
| GPA | 1 (reference) | -- | 1 (reference) | -- |
| MPA | 0.65 (0.45–0.94) | 0.02 | 0.75 (0.48–1.18) | 0.21 |
| RLV | 0.39 (0.22–0.68) | 0.001 | 0.59 (0.29–1.18) | 0.14 |
|
| ||||
| ANCA (MPO/P vs PR3/C) | 0.74 (0.52–1.04) | 0.08 | 0.91 (0.62–1.34) | 0.63 |
|
| ||||
| Organ Involvement | ||||
| Lung | 1.14 (0.81–1.61) | 0.45 | ||
| Joint | 1.58 (1.12–2.22) | 0.008 | 1.21 (0.82–1.79) | 0.33 |
| Upper respiratory | 1.53 (1.09–2.15) | 0.015 | 1.08 (0.70–1.65) | 0.74 |
| Skin | 1.46 (1.00–2.11) | 0.46 | 1.25 (0.82–1.90) | 0.30 |
| Gastrointestinal | 0.97 (0.54–1.74) | 0.92 | ||
| Neurologic | 1.34 (0.79–2.29) | 0.28 | ||
| Muscle | 1.00 (0.34–2.91) | 0.99 | ||
|
| ||||
| Duration of disease prior to biopsy, months | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.92 | ||
|
| ||||
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 0.89 (0.81–0.97) | 0.011 | 0.92 (0.84–1.01) | 0.07 |
|
| ||||
| Site (community vs tertiary) | 0.71 (0.50–1.00) | 0.055 | 0.81 (0.52–1.25) | 0.34 |
|
| ||||
| Used plasma exchange | 1.30 (0.87–1.94) | 0.20 | ||
|
| ||||
| Duration of cyclophosphamide, months | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 0.176 | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.55 |
The effects are expressed as hazards ratio (HR) for relapse in 5 years.
*
Multivariable model included variables with p < 0.10 in univariate analysis along with pre-specified variables of interest (time period, age, ANCA type, serum creatinine, and cyclophosphamide).
†
There were only 5 patients in 85–89 group so these patients were combined with 90–94 group.
ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis. MPA, microscopic polyangiitis. MPO/P, myeloperoxidase antibody and/or perinuclear pattern. PR3/C, proteinase 3 antibody and/or cytoplasmic pattern. RLV, renal-limited vasculitis. SHR, subdistribution hazard ratio.