Table 1.
Tolerance doses of various critical organs: Minimal tolerance TD5/5 is the dose resulting in no more than 5% severe complication rate within 5 years treatment, while maximum tolerance TD50/5 is the dose that results in a 50% severe complication rate 5 years after treatment [18].
| Target cells | Complication end point | TD5/5 to td50/5 (Gy) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 − 10Gy | ||
| Lymphocytes and lymphoid tissue | Lymphopenia | 2-10 |
| Testes, spermatagonia | Sterility | 1-2 |
| Ovarian, oocytes | Sterility | 6-10 |
| Diseased bone marrow | Severe leukopenia, thrombo-cytopenia | 3-5 |
| 10 − 20Gy | ||
| Lens | Cataract | 6-12 |
| Bone marrow stem cells | Acute aplasia | 15-20 |
| 20 − 30Gy | ||
| Kidney: glomeruli | Arterionephrosclerosis | 23-38 |
| Lung: type 2 cells, vascular connective tissue stroma | Pneumonitis or fibrosis | 20-30 |
| 30 − 40Gy | ||
| Liver: central veins | Hepatopathy | 35-40 |
| Bone marrow | Hypoplasia | 25-35 |
| 40 − 50Gy | ||
| Heart (whole organ) | Pericarditis or pancarditis | 43-50 |
| Bone marrow micro-environments | Permanent aplasia | 45-50 |
| 60 − 70Gy | ||
| Brain | Encephalopathy | 60-70 |
| Mucosa | Ulcer | 65-75 |
| Rectum, bladder | Ulcer | 65-75 |
| Mature bones | Fracture | 65-70 |
| Pancreas | Pancreatitis | >70 |