Effect of GDNPs 2 on colitis-associated cancer (CAC). (A) Protocol for CAC induction. Mice were administered GDNPs 2 (0.3 mg/dose) daily in treatment group. (B) Colon tumor/mouse, tumor load, tumor size and tumor distribution were obtained at the end of the CAC protocol. (C) MPO activities mRNA levels of cytokines and cyclin D1 were quantified. (D) Apoptosis of cells was quantified by TUNEL assay (FITC, green color) and nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant. Scale bar = 100 μm. (n=5).