. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Kidney Dis. 2016 Mar 4;68(1):19–28. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.12.033

Table 1.

Urine biomarker performance for prediction of AKI

Urine biomarker	clinical trial Setting					Clinical Use
Urine biomarker	ICU	CPB surgery	Kidney Tx	IV contrast	ER	Clinical Use
NGAL^{12, 66–68}	+	+	+	+	+	Approved in Europe and Canada
IL-18^{12, 66, 67, 69, 70}	+	+	+	?	?	Not approved for clinical use
L-FABP^{12, 71–74}	+	+	?	?	+	Approved in Japan
KIM-1^{12, 68, 75–78}	?	+	--	?	+	Not approved for clinical use
[TIMP-2]x[IGFBP7]^{14, 31, 36, 37}	+	+	?	?	?	Approved in United States and Europe

Abbreviations and definitions: NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; IL-18: interleukin 18; L-FABP: liver-type fatty acid binding protein; KIM-1: kidney injury molecule 1; TIMP-2: tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 2; IGFBP7: insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7; ICU: intensive care unit; ER: emergency room; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; Tx: transplant; IV: intravascular; AKI: acute kidney injury; + associated with risk of AKI in clinical trials; -- did not correlate with AKI ; ? data is inconclusive or biomarker has not been extensively studied in that setting