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. 2016 Mar 22;28(7):329–338. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxw015

Table 1.

Classification of adjuvants on the basis of their modes of action

Class Adjuvant Immune response
Delivery systems Liposomes, virosomes B, Th1, Th2, CTL
Emulsions: MF59, Montanide B, Th1, Th2, CTL
Saponin based: ISCOMs, QS-21 B, Th1, CTL
Mineral salts: alum, AS04 B, Th1, Th2
Immunostimulants TLR ligands: Poly I:C, MPL, GLA, imiquimod, CpG ODN B, Th1, Th2, NK, CTL
Saponin based: ISCOMs, QS-21 B, Th1, CTL
Polysaccharides: chitin, chitosan (16), β-glucan B, Th1, Th2, NK, CTL
Combinations TLR9 + STING ligands: K3 CpG + cGAMP B, Th1, NK, CTL
Adjuvant Systems: AS02, AS04, AS15 B, Th1, Th2
HHS Vulnerability Disclosure