Table 1.
Characteristics of included randomized controlled trials comparing GPi DBS with STN DBS for advanced Parkinson’s disease
| Study | Country | Target | Surgical modus | Subject size, n | Male/female, n | Age (years), mean ± SD | Disease duration (years), mean ± SD | Outcome measure | Assessment time points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odekerken et al16 | The Netherlands | GPi | Bilateral | 58 | 40/18 | 59.2±7.7 | 10.9±4.0 | Neurocognitive status | Baseline, 12 months |
| STN | 56 | 42/14 | 60.3±7.4 | 12.3±5.5 | |||||
| Rothlind et al15 | USA | GPi | Bilateral | 80 | NA | 61.3±8.9 | 11.0±4.7 | Neurocognitive status | Baseline, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months |
| STN | 64 | 61.3±8.5 | 11.0±5.0 | ||||||
| Okun et al17 | USA | GPi | Bilateral | 14 | 6/8 | 60.1±5.5 | 11.5±3.3 | UPDRS-III, LED, BDI-II | Baseline, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months |
| STN | 16 | 3/13 | 58.0±10.7 | 12.1±4.5 | |||||
| Odekerken et al6 | The Netherlands | GPi | Bilateral | 65 | 44/21 | 59.1±7.8 | 10.8±4.2 | UPDRS-III, LED | Baseline, 12 months |
| STN | 63 | 44/19 | 60.9±7.6 | 12.0±5.3 | |||||
| Weaver et al7 | USA | GPi | Bilateral | 89 | 77/12 | 60.4±8.3 | 11.4±4.9 | UPDRS-III, LED, PDQ-39 | Baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, 36 months |
| STN | 70 | 56/14 | 60.7±8.9 | 11.3±4.7 | |||||
| Rocchi et al8 | Italy and USA | GPi | Bilateral | 14 | 13/1 | 61.1±8.4 | 12.9±10.7 | UPDRS-III, LED | Baseline, 6 months |
| STN | 15 | 11/4 | 61.4±5.5 | 11.9±4.8 | |||||
| Follett et al9 | USA | GPi | Bilateral | 152 | 133/19 | 61.8±8.7 | NA | UPDRS-III, LED, BDI-II | Baseline, 6 months, 24 months |
| STN | 174 | 116/31 | 61.9±8.7 | Neurocognitive status, PDQ-39 | |||||
| Zahodne et al10 | USA | GPi | Unilateral | 22 | 16/6 | 61.3±5.5 | 12.4±3.6 | UPDRS-III, LED, BDI-II | Baseline, 6 months |
| STN | 20 | 14/6 | 61.3±9.0 | 13.6±3.9 | PDQ-39 | ||||
| Rothlind et al11 | USA | GPi | Bilateral | 23 | 18/5 | 60.2±8.83 | 13.3±6.4 | UPDRS-III, BDI-II, LED | Baseline, 6 months, 21 months |
| STN | 19 | 15/4 | 61.4±10.11 | 12.9±4.3 | Neurocognitive status | ||||
| Anderson et al13 | Switzerland | GPi | Bilateral | 10 | NA | 54±12 | 10.3±2 | UPDRS-III | Baseline, 12 months |
| STN | 10 | 61±9 | 15.6±5 |
Abbreviations: GPi, globus pallidus interna; STN, subthalamic nucleus; DBS, deep brain stimulation; NA, not available; UPDRS-III, unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale III; LED, levodopa equivalent doses; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory II; PDQ-39, Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39; SD, standard deviation.