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. 2016 May 18;5(7):946–959. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0282

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

siRNA-mediated knockdown of MDK in three-dimensional (3D) cocultures. (A): Effect of MDK knockdown in SMCs on HUVEC network formation in 3D coculture as per confocal microscopy over a 4-day timeline. Transfection of siScrwas used as a negative control. (B): Quantification of the effect of MDK siRNA-mediated knockdown on total network area in cocultures of the three SMC lineages on day 2. (C): Quantification of total cord length in cocultures containing MDK-siRNA treated SMCs on day 2. (D): Quantification of the effect of MDK siRNA-mediated knockdown on the number of branch points in cocultures of the three SMC lineages on day 2 (∗∗, p < .01; ∗∗∗∗, p < .0001; n = 3 independent biological replicates; scale bars = 100 μm). Abbreviations: D, day; HUVEC, human umbilical vein endothelial cell; LM, lateral mesoderm; MDK, midkine; NE, neuroectoderm; ns, not significant; PM, paraxial mesoderm; siRNA, small interfering RNA; siScr, scrambled siRNA; SMC, smooth muscle cell.