Figure 2.

The relationship between differentiation and Φ for three different classes of system. Left: A high differentiation system that is not integrated, such as a camera. Although the camera has the potential to enter many states, it has Φ = 0 because it is not integrated. Middle: An integrated system that is disconnected from its environment, such as a dreaming human. Its differentiation is related to Φ; however, since it is disconnected from the environment, external perturbations cannot be used to evoke differentiation. Right: An integrated system that is connected to its environment. Its D is also related to Φ, but in addition, it can be influenced to explore its internal structure using rich stimulus sets.