Figure 1.

Effects of H89 and Aga on gamma oscillations. Examples of the responses of cells affected by the cAMP/PKA inhibitor, H89, and the P/Q‐type calcium channel blocker, Aga. (A) Membrane oscillations recorded in a PPN cell (left, black). Following superfusion with H89 for 10 min, oscillation amplitude was reduced (middle, red). Thereafter, Aga was superfused for 10 min, blocking the remaining oscillations (right, blue). (B) Power spectrum of the records from the neuron shown in (A) displaying amplitude and frequency of ramp‐induced oscillations before (black, beta/gamma range), after H89 (red, reduced oscillations), and following Aga (blue, blocked remaining oscillations). (C) Membrane oscillations recorded in a different PPN cell (left, black). H89 applied to the bath for 10 min caused no significant effect on the membrane oscillations (middle, red). Aga was then superfused for 10 min, causing a complete blockade of the membrane oscillations (right, blue). (D) Power spectrum of the record from the cell shown in (C) displaying amplitude and frequency of ramp‐induced oscillations before application of agents (black, beta/gamma range), after H89 (red, no effect), and Aga (blue, blocked oscillations). (E) Membrane oscillations recorded in a third PPN cell (left, black). H89 was applied for 10 min blocking oscillations (middle, red). H89 then was superfused for an additional 10 min (right record, blue). (F) Power spectrum of the cell shown in (E) displaying amplitude and frequency of ramp‐induced oscillations before application of agents (black, beta/gamma range), after 10 min exposure to H89 (red, blocked oscillations), and 20 min exposure to H89 (blue record, blocked oscillations).