Figure 1.

Depiction of the procedures conducted during each session. The n-back task was completed first. A session-specific, individualized region was selected from an activation map produced using data acquired during the n-back task. The warm-up NFT run involved viewing brain activity in real-time while performing the n-back task. Closed-loop neuromodulation entailed executing imagined tasks to modulate brain activity in the target region. Every session ended with the acquisition of a structural MRI.