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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 28.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 May;18(5):52. doi: 10.1007/s11920-016-0694-1

Table 5.

Adverse effects of SC high as a function of use

Frequency of use Adverse effect

Headache
(n = 51)
Panic
(n = 34)
Vasovagal
(n = 17)
GI effects
(n = 14)
Cardio/resp
(n = 11)
Single (n = 85) 27 11 11 8 4
Occasional
  (n = 53)
19 15 3 1 4
Frequent
  (n = 11)
2 2 2
Heavy (n = 3) 1 1
Regular (n = 7) 5 1 2
Unknown
  (n = 10)
2 2 1 2 1

Effects of SCs reported with the greatest frequency among respondents (presented in parenthesis) who used SCs once, occasionally (2–9 times), frequently (10–50 times), heavily (more than 50 times), or those who did not specify frequency of use. Data presented are percent of the population endorsing a particular effect. Symptoms include headache, panic/paranoia, vasovagal reactions including dizziness and fainting, gastrointestinal upset including nausea and vomiting, and cardiovascular and respiratory effects