Table 1. List of Clinical Trials Evaluating the Cardiovascular Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 RAs.
| GLP-1 RAs | Product name | Manufacturer | Year of FDA approval | Year of EMA approval | CVD outcome trial with T2D subjects (estimated year of completion) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exenatide BID | Byetta | AstraZeneca | 2005 | 2006 | - |
| Exenatide QW | Bydureon | 2012 | 2011 | EXSCEL (April 2018) | |
| Liraglutide | Victoza | Novo Nordisk | 2010 | 2009 | LEADER (completed in December 2015) |
| Xultophy | 2015 | 2014 | |||
| Saxenda | 2015 | 2015 | |||
| Lixisenatide | Lyxumia | Sanofi | Filed for approval in 2015 | 2013 | ELIXA (February 2015, results published) |
| Albiglutide | Tanzeum (US) | GlaxoSmithKline | 2014 | 2014 | NCT02465515 (May 2019)a |
| Eperzan (EU) | |||||
| Dulaglutide | Trulicity | Eli Lily K | 2014 | 2014 | REWIND (April 2019) |
GLP-1 RA, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; EMA, European Medicines Agency; CVD, cardiovascular disease; T2D, type 2 diabetes; BID, twice a day; QW, weekly; EXSCEL, exenatide study of cardiovascular event lowering trial; LEADER, liraglutide effect and action in diabetes: evaluation of cardiovascular outcome results–a long-term evaluation; ELIXA, Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Lixisenatide; REWIND, Researching Cardiovascular Events With a Weekly Incretin in Diabetes.
aClinicaltrials.gov identifier (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov).