Table 1.

Studies that have detected HSV-1 DNA using PCR in brain tissue from patients with AD and controls (non-neurological cases)

Study	Primers used for PCR	Area of brain sample	HSV-1 DNA-positive individuals
			AD n (%)	Controls n (%)
Jamieson et al. [4]	TK	Temp, frontal cortex, hippocampus	8 (100)	6 (100)
Jamieson et al. [42]	TK	Temp, frontal cortex, hippocampus	21 (67)	15 (60)
Baringer and Pisani [271]	Various	Various	NR	40 (35)
Gordon et al. [272]	Various	Hippocampus and frontal cortex		30 (27)
Itabashi et al. [45]	gD	Temporal and frontal cortex	46 (30)	23 (22)
Itzhaki et al. [49]	TK	Frontal and temporal cortex	46 (67)	44 (64)
Lin et al. [50]	TK	Frontal and temporal cortex	61 (74)	48 (63)
Bertrand et al. [273]	gD	Various	98 (75)	57 (72)
Cheon et al. [274]	gD	Frontal cortex	10 (100)	10 (100)

HSV-1, herpes simples virus type 1; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; gD, glycoprotein D protein; TK, thymidine kinase; NR, not Reported. Table adapted from Itzhaki R (2004) Herpes simplex virus type 1, apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer’ disease. Herpes 11(Suppl 2), 77A-82A. [41] Reprinted with permission from Ruth Itzhaki.