Table 1.

Endemic^a plant species used in the vineyard trial and the ecosystem associated benefits assessed.

Plant species	Family	Ecosystem associated benefits
		ES	ES	ES	ESP	EDS
		Weed suppression	Invertebrate conservationc	Improving soil quality	Enhancing predator densitiesc	Pest development
Acaena inermis	Rosaceae	+	+		+
Acaena inermis ‘purpurea’b	Rosaceae	+	+	+	+	+
Anaphalioides bellidioides	Asteraceae	+	+		+	+
Disphyma australe	Mesembryan-themaceae		+		+
Geranium sessiliflorum	Geraniaceae	+	+	+	+	+
Hebe chathamica	Plantaginaceae	+	+	+	+	+
Leptinella dioica	Asteraceae	+	+	+	+	+
Leptinella squalida	Asteraceae	+	+		+
Lobelia angulata	Lobeliaceae	+	+	+	+	+
Muehlenbeckia ephedroides	Polygonaceae		+		+
Muehlenbeckia axillaris	Polygonaceae	+	+	+	+	+
Raoulia hookeri	Asteraceae	+	+		+	+
Raoulia subsericea	Asteraceae		+		+
Scleranthus uniflorus	Caryophyll-aceae	+	+		+	+

Notes.

^aAll plant species in this work apart from M. axillaris are endemic to New Zealand.

^bA natural variation of A. inermis which has purplish coloration.

^cThree sampling dates occurred, with some plant species sampled only once (D. australe, M. ephedroides and R. subsericea).