| 4E-BP1 | eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 |
| AMDR | acceptable macronutrient distribution range |
| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| DRI | dietary reference intake |
| EAA | essential amino acids |
| EAR | estimated average requirement |
| LAT1 | L-type amino acid transporter |
| MPS | muscle protein synthesis |
| mTORC1 | mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| MURF1 | muscle RING-finger protein-1 |
| p70S6K | ribosomal protein S6 kinase |
| RDA | recommended dietary allowance |
| REDD1 | regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1 |
| SNAT2 | sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 |
| TSC1 | tuberous sclerosis 1 |
| TSC2 | tuberous sclerosis 2 |
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