Table 5.
Additive and interacting effects of QTL × environment of identified QTL for traits related to flag leaf morphology of main shoots in the RIL population
| Trait | QTL | Flanking marker | Position (cM) | Environ. | A | h 2(A)% | AE | h 2(AE)% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FLL | Qfll.acs–1B.1 | Xwmc694–Xwmc156 | 0 | E1 | 0.48*** | 4.36 | –0.41*** | 3.57 |
| E2 | 0.40*** | 3.84 | –0.45*** | 4.24 | ||||
| E3 | 0.43*** | 4.05 | –0.43*** | 4.32 | ||||
| Qfll.acs–1B.2 | Xwmc367–Xgwm259 | 2 | E1 | 0.36*** | 3.29 | –0.40*** | 3.77 | |
| E4 | 0.42*** | 4.35 | –0.39*** | 3.26 | ||||
| Qfll.acs–2B.1 | Xbarc1072–Xwmc272 | 0 | E1 | 0.50*** | 5.02 | –0.51*** | 4.11 | |
| E2 | 0.44*** | 4.18 | –0.40*** | 3.63 | ||||
| Qfll.acs–3A.1 | Xwmc505–Xwmc343 | 0 | E1 | 0.35*** | 4.12 | |||
| Qfll.acs–3A.2 | Xgwm162–Xmag3082 | 0 | E4 | 0.41*** | 4.85 | –0.42*** | 6.52 | |
| Qfll.acs–4A.1 | Xgwm165–Xmag1353 | 2 | E3 | –0.38*** | 3.26 | 0.37*** | 5.05 | |
| Qfll.acs–4D.1 | Xwmc489–Xgdm61 | 0 | E2 | –0.41*** | 5.64 | –0.36*** | 6.00 | |
| E3 | –0.32*** | 4.45 | –0.31*** | 4.93 | ||||
| E4 | –0.47*** | 4.64 | –0.37*** | 6.59 | ||||
| Qfll.acs–5A.1 | Xgwm304–Xwm466 | 2 | E2 | 0.54*** | 9.78 | –0.39*** | 10.19 | |
| Qfll.acs–5A.2 | Xgwm205–Xgwm154 | 4 | E2 | –0.33*** | 3.68 | 0.33*** | 5.28 | |
| E3 | –0.40*** | 3.41 | 0.35*** | 4.12 | ||||
| Qfll.acs–5A.3 | Xgwm154–Xmag694 | 0 | E4 | –0.35*** | 3.62 | –0.35*** | 3.86 | |
| Qfll.acs–5B | Xbarc164–Xbarc4 | 2 | E4 | 0.39*** | 3.75 | |||
| Qfll.acs–6B.1 | Xwmc182–Xmag2276 | 0 | E2 | –0.41*** | 5.58 | 0.32*** | 6.97 | |
| FLW | Qflw.acs–2A.1 | Xwmc296–Xgwm122 | 0 | E3 | –0.02*** | 2.76 | 0.03*** | 9.83 |
| E4 | –0.03*** | 2.91 | 0.03*** | 7.98 | ||||
| Qflw.acs–2A.2 | Xmag2150–Xgwm339 | 0 | E3 | –0.02*** | 2.12 | 0.02*** | 4.23 | |
| Qflw.acs–2B.1 | Xbarc1072–Xwmc272 | 0 | E1 | –0.04*** | 2.34 | –0.04*** | 4.69 | |
| E2 | –0.02*** | 3.78 | –0.02*** | 3.21 | ||||
| Qflw.acs–2B.2 | Xgwm630–Xksum248 | 4 | E2 | 0.01*** | 1.03 | 0.01*** | 2.41 | |
| Qflw.acs–3A.1 | Xgwm162–Xmag3082 | 0 | E3 | 0.03*** | 3.24 | –0.02*** | 2.77 | |
| E4 | 0.03*** | 7.90 | –0.02** | 4.25 | ||||
| Qflw.acs–3A.2 | Xwmc532–Xgwm674 | 2 | E1 | 0.02*** | 0.75 | –0.02*** | 1.81 | |
| Qflw.acs–3A.3 | Xwmc505–Xwmc343 | 0 | E1 | –0.02*** | 0.68 | –0.02*** | 1.37 | |
| Qflw.acs–4D | Xbarc92–Xwmc473 | 12 | E2 | –0.02*** | 2.06 | |||
| Qflw.acs–5A.1 | Xwmc492–Xgwm96 | 4 | E1 | –0.02*** | 2.51 | –0.03*** | 3.04 | |
| E2 | –0.02*** | 3.45 | –0.02*** | 4.63 | ||||
| E3 | –0.03*** | 4.04 | –0.02*** | 2.77 | ||||
| E4 | –0.02*** | 3.15 | –0.03*** | 3.82 | ||||
| Qflw.acs–5A.2 | Xcfa2185–Xbarc230 | 2 | E2 | 0.03*** | 2.96 | –0.03*** | 3.59 | |
| E3 | 0.02*** | 2.87 | –0.03*** | 2.61 | ||||
| Qflw.acs–5A.3 | Xbarc151–Xwmc630 | 0 | E1 | 0.02*** | 3.05 | –0.03*** | 3.05 | |
| E3 | 0.03*** | 3.16 | –0.02*** | 2.99 | ||||
| E4 | 0.02*** | 3.08 | –0.02*** | 3.21 | ||||
| Qflw.acs–5B.1 | Xbarc164–Xbarc4 | 0 | E1 | 0.04*** | 3.31 | –0.04*** | 5.75 | |
| Qflw.acs–5B.2 | Xwmc415–Xwmc508 | 10 | E2 | –0.02*** | 2.31 | 0.02*** | 4.13 | |
| Qflw.acs–6B | Xwmc341–Xbarc198 | 0 | E2 | –0.02*** | 3.78 | 0.02*** | 5.71 | |
| Qflw.acs–7A.1 | Xbaec121–Xpsp3001 | 0 | E4 | –0.02*** | 3.15 | –0.02*** | 3.94 | |
| FLWR | Qflwr.acs–1B.1 | Xwmc694–Xwmc156 | 0 | E1 | 0.35*** | 2.58 | ||
| Qflwr.acs–2A.1 | Xmag2150–Xgwm339 | 0 | E3 | 0.37*** | 12.92 | |||
| Qflwr.acs–2A.2 | Xwmc522–Xwmc474 | 2 | E3 | –0.31*** | 9.41 | |||
| Qflwr.acs–2A.3 | Xgwm95–Xgwm249 | 2 | E4 | –0.23*** | 7.32 | |||
| Qflwr.acs–2B | Xwmc272–Xgwm630 | 0 | E1 | –0.30*** | 2.20 | 0.22*** | 2.43 | |
| E3 | –0.24*** | 5.63 | ||||||
| Qflwr.acs–3A.1 | Xwmc505–Xwmc343 | 0 | E1 | –0.32*** | 2.64 | |||
| E2 | –0.32*** | 6.17 | –0.34*** | 5.31 | ||||
| E3 | –0.20** | 3.43 | ||||||
| E4 | –0.35*** | 2.87 | ||||||
| Qflwr.acs–3A.2 | Xwmc695–Xgwm162 | 4 | E2 | –0.35*** | 5.84 | |||
| Qflwr.acs–5A | Xcfa2185–Xbarc230 | 2 | E2 | 0.29*** | 3.13 | –0.20*** | 3.47 | |
| E3 | 0.33*** | 3.54 | ||||||
| E4 | 0.25*** | 3.27 | –0.29*** | 4.01 | ||||
| Qflwr.acs–6A.1 | Xwmc807–Xbarc1165 | 0 | E4 | –0.21** | 6.29 | |||
| Qflwr.acs–7A.1 | Xpsp3001–Xgwm63 | 0 | E4 | –0.30*** | 4.14 | |||
| Qflwr.acs–7A.2 | Xwmc139–Xbarc195 | 2 | E2 | 0.28*** | 3.41 | –0.25*** | 4.83 | |
| FLA | Qfla.acs–1B | Xwmc694–Xwmc156 | 0 | E1 | 0.55*** | 3.12 | –0.60*** | 5.23 |
| E2 | 0.43*** | 2.58 | –0.50*** | 4.09 | ||||
| E4 | 0.40*** | 3.13 | –0.38*** | 3.64 | ||||
| Qfla.acs–2B.1 | Xbarc1072–Xwmc272 | 0 | E1 | 0.67*** | 3.70 | –0.59*** | 3.39 | |
| E3 | 0.61*** | 3.51 | –0.51*** | 3.25 | ||||
| Qfla.acs–3A | Xwmc695–Xgwm162 | 0 | E1 | –0.55*** | 3.01 | –0.58*** | 3.96 | |
| E4 | –0.47*** | 1.83 | –0.56*** | 5.23 | ||||
| Qfla.acs–4D.1 | Xbarc92–Xwmc473 | 6 | E2 | –0.51*** | 2.96 | –0.31** | 2.13 | |
| Qfla.acs–4D.2 | Xwmc489–Xgdm61 | 0 | E4 | 0.52*** | 2.25 | 0.40*** | 2.75 | |
| Qfla.acs–5A | Xwmc205–Xgwm154 | 4 | E1 | 0.36*** | 4.48 | –0.42*** | 3.84 | |
| E3 | 0.40*** | 2.46 | –0.45*** | 3.72 | ||||
| E4 | 0.47*** | 3.29 | –0.45*** | 3.60 | ||||
| Qfla.acs–5B | Xwmc415–Xwmc508 | 10 | E3 | 0.56*** | 1.83 | –0.54*** | 3.36 | |
| Qfla.acs–6A.1 | Xwmc807–Xbarc1165 | 2 | E4 | 0.63*** | 3.30 | 0.53*** | 4.79 | |
| Qfla.acs–6B | Xbarc198–Xwmc182 | 4 | E2 | –0.48*** | 2.61 | 0.49*** | 5.34 | |
| BAFL | Qbafl.acs–1B | Xwmc694–Xwmc156 | 0 | E4 | 1.52*** | 3.26 | –1.60*** | 4.43 |
| Qbafl.acs–2B.1 | Xbarc1072–Xwmc272 | 0 | E2 | –1.46*** | 3.05 | –1.47*** | 3.26 | |
| Qbafl.acs–3A.1 | Xwmc695–Xgwm162 | 0 | E1 | –1.78*** | 3.43 | –1.78*** | 6.91 | |
| E3 | –1.35*** | 3.71 | ||||||
| E4 | –1.54*** | 2.86 | –1.58*** | 4.57 | ||||
| Qbafl.acs–4D.1 | Xwmc473–Xwmc489 | 0 | E2 | –1.75*** | 2.18 | –1.64*** | 3.83 | |
| Qbafl.acs–5B.1 | Xbarc4–Xwmc376 | 0 | E3 | –1.28*** | 2.36 | |||
| Qbafl.acs–5B.2 | Xgwm499–Xwmc734 | 2 | E3 | –1.51*** | 3.30 | –1.63*** | 3.14 | |
| Qbafl.acs–5B.3 | Xbarc164–Xbarc4 | 2 | E1 | –1.94*** | 4.01 | –2.02*** | 3.95 | |
| E2 | –1.55*** | 2.89 | –1.61*** | 2.75 | ||||
| Qbafl.acs–5B.4 | Xgwm408–Xwmc75 | 2 | E4 | –1.37*** | 2.45 | –1.29*** | 2.86 |
FLL flag leaf length, FLW flag leaf width, FLWR flag leaf length to width ratio, FLA flag leaf area, BAFL basal angle of flag leaf. E1 to E4 represent the location at Yongdeng (103°18’ E, 36°42’ N), Gansu, China, in 2011and 2012, at Anning (103°51’ E, 36°04’ N), Gansu, China, in 2012, and at Yuzhong (104°07’ E, 35°51’ N), Gansu, China, in 2013, respectively. Position (cm): genetic distance from the left flanking marker in the marker interval. A: the additive effect; a positive value indicates the Q9086 allele having an increasing effect on the trait and a negative value represents the Longjian 19 allele having a decreasing effect. h 2(A) (%): the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by additive QTL. AE: the additive QTL × environment interaction effect; a positive value indicates AE effect having an increasing effect on the trait value in WW conditions and a negative value means AE effect having a decreasing effect on the trait value in DS conditions. h 2(AE) (%) : the phenotypic variance explained by the AE effect. **P ≤0.005, *** P ≤0.001