Table 3.

Health-related quality of life among those aged 40–64 years in 22 States^a, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2006–2010, United States.

Visual impairment status	Fair/poor health	Life dissatisfaction	Disability	Physically unhealthy days	Mentally unhealthy days	Activity limitation days
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Unadjusted model
No difficulty seeing	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
A little difficulty seeing	1.32b (1.17–1.49)	1.59b (1.37–1.85)	1.58b (1.47–1.70)	1.29b (1.13–1.46)	1.45b (1.29–1.63)	1.60b (1.35–1.90)
Moderate/severe difficulty seeing	2.88b (2.53–3.28)	3.28b (2.79–3.87)	2.94b (2.72–3.18)	2.47b (2.14–2.84)	2.77b (2.43–3.16)	3.30b (2.81–3.86)
Adjusted modelc
No difficulty seeing	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)	1 (reference)
A little difficulty seeing	1.45b (1.31–1.61)	1.35b (1.18–1.55)	1.46b (1.35–1.58)	1.33b (1.20–1.48)	1.35b (1.22–1.50)	1.38b (1.22–1.57)
Moderate/severe difficulty seeing	2.01b (1.82–2.23)	2.06b (1.80–2.35)	1.95b (1.80–2.13)	1.69b (1.52–1.88)	1.84b (1.66–2.05)	1.94b (1.71–2.20)

^aThe 22 states using the BRFSS vision module at least once in the years 2006–2010 include Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia, and Wyoming.

^bp < 0.001.

^cThe adjusted model is adjusted for age, sex, marital status, race/ethnicity, education, annual household income, smoking status, leisure-time physical activity, body mass index, regular health care provider, medical care cost issues, health insurance coverage, self-reported history of chronic diseases (diabetes, heart disease, heart attack, and stroke), year, state.

CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.