Table 2.

Fold differences in taurine, organic osmolytes and bile acids in liver of male wild-type and Cdo1-null mice fed basal, high-fat, or taurine-supplemented high-fat diets

Metabolites	Genotype-diet groups relative abundance of metabolites						Significance level for main effects and 2-way interaction as analyzed by a general linear model F(5,24)†
	Wild-type Basal	Cdo1-null Basal	Wild-type HiFat	Cdo1-null HiFat	Wild-type HiFat + Tau	Cdo1-null HiFat + Tau	Genotype	Diet	GxD
Taurine	1 ± 0.06a*,†	0.059 ± 0.005b	0.97 ± 0.10a	0.047 ± 0.002b	0.94 ± 0.17a	1.16 ± 0.06a	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
Betaine	1 ± 0.05b	2.33 ± 0.13a	1.16 ± 0.10b	2.66 ± 0.40a	1.06 ± 0.10b	1.38 ± 0.26b	p < 0.0001	p = 0.0099	p = 0.0209
Choline	1 ± 0.08b	1.88 ± 0.11a	1.04 ± 0.05b	1.63 ± 0.21a	1.00 ± 0.01b	0.83 ± 0.08b	p < 0.0001	p = 0.0099	p = 0.0210
sn-Glycerol-3-phosphocholine	1 ± 0.12b	2.05 ± 0.14a	1.01 ± 0.08b	1.83 ± 0.27a	0.93 ± 0.10b	0.82 ± 0.12b	p = 0.0010	p = 0.0006	p = 0.0038
Carnosine	1 ± 0.05b	2.26 ± 0.27a	1.24 ± 0.14b	2.63 ± 0.17a	1.08 ± 0.14b	0.94 ± 0.08b	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001	p = 0.0001
myo-Inositol	1 ± 0.05ab	1.19 ± 0.06ab	0.94 ± 0.04b	1.34 ± 0.15a	1.05 ± 0.06ab	1.13 ± 0.08ab	p = 0.0014
Glucitol/Iditol/Galactitol	1 ± 0.09a	0.65 ± 0.08ab	0.47 ± 0.04b	0.45 ± 0.02b	0.46 ± 0.05b	0.41 ± 0.09b	p = 0.0621	p = 0.0006

^*All values for metabolite concentrations are expressed relative to the average value for the wild-type/basal diet group, which was set as 1.0. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM

^†All values were transformed to log₁₀ values prior to statistical analysis. Columns on the right give p values for the main effects and their interaction as analyzed by a general linear model for the two categorical variables and their interaction using JMP, version 11 (SAS, Cary, NC). Values not followed by the same superscript letter are significantly different at p < 0.05 as determined by the Tukey’s post hoc comparison test. Italic values indicates metabolites with concentration changes in response to taurine deficiency