Figure 3. Immunohistochemical staining of CTHRC1, vWF, CD31, and cFN in primary melanomas and melanoma metastases.
A–C. Representative stainings of CTHRC1 in a benign nevus (A), a primary melanoma (B), and a melanoma lymph node macrometastasis (C). D–I. Examples of primary melanomas (D–F) and melanoma lymph node metastases (G–I) showing different levels of CTHRC1 staining in the melanoma cells. Note that strong staining was also seen in the irregular tumor blood vessels (D, E, F, I; marked with asterisks) and in the fibroblasts (marked with arrows) surrounding the melanoma cell nests (D, F, H) and at the invasion fronts (G). J–L. Sections from a primary melanoma stained with antibodies recognizing CTHRC1 (J), vWF (K), and with a normal rabbit IgG control antibody (L). M–P. Consecutive frozen sections from a primary melanoma stained with antibodies recognizing CTHRC1 (M), CD31 (N), and cFN (O), and with a normal rabbit IgG control antibody (P). (A-P) Positive immunostaining is shown in red (AEC). Original magnification 100x (B, C, I–P) and 200x (A, D–H). Examples of fibroblasts are marked with arrows, while asterisks indicate blood vessels.