Table 1.

Randomized controlled trials of mobile phone apps for promoting smoking cessation.

Study	Sample	Design	Results	Other information
Valdivieso-Lopez et al (2012)	Smokers of 10 or more cigarettes per day, aged 18-30 years who are motivated to quit smoking, seen in primary care centers in Catalonia, Spain	Cluster randomized controlled trial of a mobile phone app for smoking cessation combined with clinical practice guidelines, compared with clinical practice guidelines alone. The outcome measure will be abstinence at 12 months confirmed by exhaled air carbon monoxide concentration	Not yet available	The app is being designed as a serious game which offers users the opportunity to develop skills and strategies for smoking cessation while trying to achieve the game’s objectives
Buller et al. (2014)	102 US smokers aged 18 to 30 years	Randomized controlled trial of a mobile app compared with text messaging (12-week pretest-posttest trial). Self-reported usability of the mobile phone app and quitting behavior (quit attempts, point prevalence, 30-day point prevalence, and continued abstinence) were assessed in posttests	A sizeable percentage of smokers reported being abstinent at 12-weeks (66% of smokers who completed the intervention trial, 44% of all smokers). Those in the text messaging group were more likely to be abstinent than those in the mobile phone app group (P <.05)
Bricker et al 2014	196 adults who smoked at least five cigarettes per day for at least past 12 months, and were motivated to quit and interested to learn skills to quit smoking	Double-blind, randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of a mobile phone delivered app (QuitGuide) versus the National Cancer Institute’s SmartQuit app for smoking cessation. The outcome measure was self-reported 30-day point prevalence of abstinence (ie, no smoking in the last 30 days).	The overall quit rates were 13% in SmartQuit versus 8% in QuitGuide (odds ratio=2.7, 95% confidence interval 0.8-10.3)
Baskerville et al. 2015	1354 smokers in Canada, aged 19-29 years	6-month, randomized controlled trial of a mobile phone app (Crush the Crave) versus an evidence-based self-help guide. The primary outcome will be self-reported, 30-day point prevalence of abstinence	Not yet available