Table 5.

Multivariable Adjusted Risk of Receiving H2RA or PPI

	Ever Received H2RA or PPI	Ever Received H2RA	Ever Received PPI
	Relative Risk (95% CI)	Relative Risk (95% CI)	Relative Risk (95% CI)
Diagnoses
GERD	3.13 (2.72, 3.59)	2.68 (2.36, 3.03)	5.37 (4.46, 6.46)
Cong. Heart Disease	2.41 (2.11, 2.75)	2.77 (2.30, 3.35)	1.96 (1.67, 2.29)
GI	1.98 (1.85, 2.12)	2.03 (1.84, 2.24)	2.08 (1.89, 2.29)
CDH	1.79 (1.61, 1.98)	1.83 (1.63, 2.06)	2.08 (1.78, 2.42)
ENT	1.74 (1.62, 1.87)	1.63 (1.49, 1.80)	2.34 (2.13, 2.58)
Moderate/Severe BPD	1.34 (1.19, 1.50)	1.34 (1.17, 1.53)	1.42 (1.16, 1.74)
Infection	1.23 (1.12, 1.35)	1.26 (1.12, 1.41)	1.29 (1.16, 1.43)
Cong. lung anomaly	1.15 (1.06, 1.26)	1.21 (1.10, 1.34)	1.15 (0.98, 1.34)
Neurologic	1.12 (1.06, 1.18)	1.13 (1.05, 1.22)	1.09 (1.02, 1.17)
Birth Gestation
≥37 weeks (reference)	-	-	-
35–36 weeks	0.88 (0.82, 0.94)	0.86 (0.80, 0.93)	0.97 (0.90, 1.04)
33–34 weeks	0.56 (0.50, 0.62)	0.54 (0.47, 0.60)	0.66 (0.59, 0.75)
31–32 weeks	0.64 (0.59, 0.70)	0.60 (0.53, 0.67)	0.78 (0.69, 0.88)
29–30 weeks	0.80 (0.72, 0.89)	0.71 (0.63, 0.81)	0.92 (0.78, 1.09)
27–28 weeks	0.94 (0.84, 1.06)	0.85 (0.74, 0.99)	1.04 (0.88, 1.23)
25–26 weeks	1.08 (0.95, 1.22)	0.998 (0.85, 1.2)	1.18 (1.01, 1.38)
≤24 weeks	1.08 (0.90, 1.29)	1.04 (0.82, 1.31)	1.10 (0.84, 1.43)
Sex
Female	0.98 (0.96, 0.997)	0.98 (0.96, 1.0)	0.99 (0.95, 1.02)

Data are shown as adjusted risk ratios (95% confidence interval). Regression risk ratios for gestational age are reported relative to a reference group of ≥37-week gestation infants. Risk ratios were determined by using a modified Poisson regression model with a robust between-cluster variance estimator with a random intercept for hospital. Race/ethnicity categories were excluded from the model after they were found to not have a statistically significant influence on the probability of ever receiving an H2RA or PPI.