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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2016 Apr 4;17(7):806–814. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2016.03.004

Table 1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics by Opioid Misuse Group.

Opioid Misuse Test Statistic
Variable Yes (n=31) No (n=20) (t/χ2) p
Age, years, mean (SD) 53.39 (8.87) 56.4 0 (7.37) 1.26 0.21
Gender (% female) 45.16% 50% 0.11 0.74
Ethnicity (% non-Hispanic/Latino) 96% 91.67% ** 1.00
Race 2.33 0.68
 % Caucasian 74.19% 70.00%
 % African American 19.35% 20.00%
 % Other Race 6.45% 10.00%
Education (% high school or less) 15% 22.58% ** 0.72
COMM, mean (SD) 15.52 (7.26) 4.25 (2.14) -6.73 <.001
PANAS Negative Affect, mean (SD) 16.17 (6.53) 11.21 (3.12) -3.09 0.003

Note. COMM=Current Opioid Misuse Measure, PANAS=Positive and Negative Affectivity Scales.

**

Fisher's Exact Test due to small cell sizes