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. 2016 Jul 10;233:101–113. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.012

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Gelatin protects IPV from damage during sonication. Approximately 40–50% of IPV activity is lost during sonication without addition of excipients. Although small molecule excipients like sugars, salts, and amino acids have some protective effect on stability during this step, gelatin did significantly improve stability when included in the IPV formulation.