Table 1.
Interferon (IFN)-induced proteins acting as restriction factors for phleboviruses.
| ISG | Affected Step in Replication | Affected Phleboviruses (Strains) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| IFITM2, 3 | uncoating | RVFV (ZH501, MP12) | [110] |
| Mx | primary and secondary transcription | RVFV (MP12, Clone 13), TOSV, SFSV | [106,107,108] |
| OASL2 | ? | RVFV (rZH548ΔNSs) | [100] |
| PKR | viral protein translation | NSs-deficient RVFV mutants (e.g., Clone 13) | [93,111] |
| IFIT1-3 | viral protein translation | RVFV (Clone 13) | [113] |
| mPARP12 | ? | RVFV (MP12) | [112] |
| ISG15 | ? | RVFV (rZH548ΔNSs) | [100] |
ISG: IFN-stimulated genes; IFITM: IFN-inducible transmembrane; OASL2: 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-like 2; PKR: protein kinase R; IFIT: interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats; mPARP12: murine poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 12; RVFV: Rift Valley fever virus; TOSV: Toscana virus; SFSV: sandfly fever Sicilian virus.