Table 2.
Effects of xylitol and fluoride on levels of each metabolite in the oral biofilm [40].
| Metabolites | The Rate of Changes in Levels of Metabolites (Times) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xylitol | 225 ppm F | 900 ppm F | ||
| EMP pathway | ||||
| G6P | 1.04 ± 0.56 # | 1.40 ± 0.32 * | 1.76 ± 0.60 | |
| F6P | 0.81 ± 0.79 | 3.39 ± 4.78 | 2.18 ± 1.03 | |
| F1,6BP | 0.79 ± 0.80 | 1.64 ± 0.64 | 4.27 ± 2.70 | |
| DHAP | 0.87 ± 0.40 | 0.57 ± 0.45 | 0.44 ± 0.28 | |
| 3PG | 0.94 ± 0.70 | 3.57 ± 2.46 | 9.22 ± 5.22 | |
| PEP | 0.95 ± 0.80 | 0.83 ± 0.83 | 0.57 ± 0.63 | |
| Pyr | 0.82 ± 0.59 | 0.41 ± 0.19 | 0.29 ± 0.15 | |
| Lactate | 1.02 ± 0.55 | 0.70 ± 0.21 | 0.59 ± 0.31 | |
| PP pathway | ||||
| 6PG | 0.97 ± 0.67 | 2.09 ± 0.99 | 4.40 ± 2.48 | |
| Ribu 5P | 0.91 ± 0.40 | 0.80 ± 0.33 | 0.81 ± 0.21 | |
| Ribo 5P | 0.83 ± 0.37 | 0.39 ± 0.45 | 0.28 ± 0.14 | |
| S7P | 0.92 ± 0.45 | 1.18 ± 0.23 | 2.90 ± 3.10 | |
| E4P | ND | ND | ND | |
# The rate of change was calculated as (amount of metabolite after glucose rinse with fluoride application or xylitol-glucose rinse)/(amount of metabolite after glucose rinse). Mean ± standard deviation. Values are the mean of seven individuals; * Significant difference from the amount before glucose rinse (p < 0.05); ND, It could not be calculated because the metabolite was not detected. See Figure 1 for abbreviations of metabolites. There were also no clear changes in TCA cycle.