Table 2.
Study population characteristics and laboratory methods of IDMS studies covering age range 45–74 years
| Country | Finland | Germany | Italy | Netherlands | Norway | Spain | Italy | Ireland | Switzerland |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | FINRISK | SHIP | MATISS | LifeLines | HUNT | EPIRCE | INCIPE | SLAN | Bus Santé |
| Age range | Ages 20+ | Ages 45+ | |||||||
| N study population | 4228 | 4308 | 3780 | 94,133 | 65,252 | 2746 | 3868 | 1160 | 4748 |
| Sample collection years | 2007 | 1997–2001 | 1993–1996 | 2007–2013 | 1995–1997 | 2004–2008 | 2006–2007 | 2007 | 2005–2008 |
| Mean age, years (SD) | 49.7 (12.5) | 49.8 (16.4) | 49.2 (14.1) | 44.6 (12.5) | 50.3 (17.3) | 49.3 (16.3) | 59.8 (11.4) | 59.7(9.9) | 58.4 (11.0) |
| Females (%) | 54.3 | 50.9 | 48.8 | 58.7 | 53.22 | 58.2 | 52,0 | 56,0 | 48.9 |
| DM (%) | 8.4 | 11.0 | 5.1 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 10.3 | 7.42 | 7.7 | 4.2 |
| HT (%) | 43.3 | 52.5 | 15.6 | 18.2 | 43.7 | 41.2 | 35.89 | 57,0 | 23,0 |
| Smokers (%) | 18.8 | 30.3 | 27.6 | 18.8 | 29.2 | 25.3 | 15.32 | 18.3 | 13.6 |
| Mean SBP, mmHg (SD) | 132 (19) | 136 (21) | 140 (23) | 126 (15) | 138 (22) | 131 (22) | 138 (20) | 140 (20) | 127 (23) |
| Mean DBP, mmHg (SD) | 79 (11) | 83 (11) | 85 (13) | 74 (9) | 80 (12) | 79 (12) | 85 (10) | 82 (13) | 76 (11) |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) (SD) | 27.1 (4.9) | 27.3 (4.8) | 27.7 (4.5) | 26.1 (4.3) | 26.4 (4.10) | 27.5 (5.3) | 26.7 (5.2) | 27.98 (4.58) | 25.6(4.17) |
| ARB use (%) | n/a | 1.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 5,0 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| ACEi use (%) | n/a | 12.8 | n/a | n/a | n/a | 6.4 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| ACEi/ARB use (%) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| Creatinine method | Enzymatic | Jaffe | Enzymatic | Enzymatic | Jaffe | Jaffe | Jaffe | Jaffe | Jaffe |
| IDMS traceable creatinine? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Standardized | no | yes |
| Albuminuria method | n/a | Immunoassay | n/a | Immunoassay | Immunoassay | Immunoassay | Immunoassay | Bromocresol green | n/a |
| Mean eGFR by CKD-EPI (SD) | 89.5 (15.0) | 82.2 (17.0) | 100.4 (14.8) | 96.5 (15.0) | 97.6 (19.5) | 86.6 (18.0) | 85.7 (16) | 80.7(16.9) | 89.5(13.4) |
| Mean eGFR by MDRD (SD) | 86.9 (15.0) | 79.4 (15.1) | 103.4 (19.7) | 93.4 (17.1) | 100.1 (24.2) | 84.1 (17.7) | 87.8 (20) | 81.1(18.3) | 90.6(15.8) |
| Median ACR mg/g (25–75 p) | n/a | 8.4 (5.1–17.3) | n/a | 2.2 (1.3–4.2) | 10.3 (7.4–14.5) | 4.6 (2.5–8.6) | Available in dip+ | 9.45(4.46–18.42) | n/a |
DM, diabetes mellitus; HT, hypertension; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB/ACEi, use of either ARB or ACEi; CKD-EPI, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; FINRISK, Finland Cardiovascular Risk Study; n/a, not applicable; MATISS, Malattie cardiovascolari ATerosclerotiche Istituto Superiore di Sanita; LifeLines, LifeLines Cohort and Study Biobank; HUNT, Nord-Trøndelag Health Study; EPIRCE, Estudio Epidemiológico de la Insuficiencia Renal en España; INCIPE, Initiative on Nephropathy, of relevance to public health, which is Chronic, possibly in its Initial stages, and carries a Potential risk of major clinical Endpoints; dip+, ACR was calculated in participants with positive results on the dipstick test for proteinuria; SLAN, Survey of Lifestyle and Attitudes & Nutrition in Ireland.