Table 3.
Percentage differences (with 95% CIs) in mean prescribed ESA dose in Europe, Japan, and United States black patients compared with United States nonblack patients by calendar time and model used to adjust for covariates
| Month/Yeara | Scaled by Predialysis Body Weight | Not Scaled | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Model 1b | Model 2c | Unadjusted | Model 1b | Model 2c | Model 3d | |
| Europee | |||||||
| 08/2010 | −37% (−46% to −28%) | −41% (−49% to −32%) | −41% (−51% to −30%) | −43% (−50% to −35%) | −44% (−51% to −36%) | −46% (−54% to −37%) | −45% (−53% to −36%) |
| 12/2011 | −17% (−29% to −2%) | −28% (−39% to −15%) | −21% (−35% to −6%) | −22% (−31% to −11%) | −27% (−38% to −14%) | −25% (−37% to −10%) | −22% (−35% to −8%) |
| 04/2013 | −4% (−17% to 10%) | −13% (−24% to 0%) | −11% (−25% to 6%) | −11% (−22% to 2%) | −16% (−26% to −4%) | −17% (−29% to −4%) | −15% (−27% to −2%) |
| Japan | |||||||
| 08/2010 | −54% (−61% to −47%) | −58% (−64% to −51%) | −60% (−66% to −51%) | −68% (−72% to −63%) | −69% (−73% to −65%) | −71% (−75% to −66%) | −70% (−75% to −65%) |
| 12/2011 | −36% (−45% to −26%) | −41% (−49% to −31%) | −39% (−50% to −26%) | −53% (−60% to −46%) | −55% (−62% to −48%) | −56% (−64% to −47%) | −56% (−63% to −46%) |
| 04/2013 | −9% (−20% to 4%) | −13% (−25% to 1%) | −18% (−33% to −0%) | −34% (−42% to −26%) | −36% (−44% to −26%) | −43% (−52% to −31%) | −41% (−51% to −29%) |
| United States black | |||||||
| 08/2010 | 4% (−9% to 20%) | 2% (−11% to 17%) | 2% (−11% to 16%) | 13% (−1% to 28%) | 7% (−6% to 22%) | 7% (−5% to 21%) | 6% (−6% to 20%) |
| 12/2011 | 8% (−4% to 20%) | 5% (−8% to 19%) | 3% (−10% to 18%) | 10% (−2% to 23%) | 4% (−8% to 19%) | 3% (−10% to 18%) | 2% (−10% to 17%) |
| 04/2013 | 21% (7% to 37%) | 19% (6% to 34%) | 17% (4% to 32%) | 30% (14% to 48%) | 25% (11% to 42%) | 23% (9% to 40%) | 23% (8% to 39%) |
Doses expressed as iv epoetin–equivalent units per week were calculated using the following conversions: subcutaneous epoetin (×1.15), darbepoetin (×250 units/μg), and pegylated epoetin-β (×208 units/μg).
Facility sample transitioned from the DOPPS 4 to the DOPPS 5 during January to April of 2012.
Model 1 includes age, years on dialysis, black race (United States only), sex, catheter use, diabetes, history of gastrointestinal bleeding, creatinine, and most recent albumin level in the prior 3 months.
Model 2 includes model 1 adjustments plus iv iron use in the prior 3 months (yes or no), most recent transferrin saturation and ferritin levels in the prior 3 months, and facility–reported upper Hb target.
Model 3 includes model 2 adjustments plus predialysis body weight.
Europe includes the DOPPS facility samples in Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.