Table 2.

Luminal imaging and vessel-wall MRI findings for each disease group (N=76 arterial territories; left and right sides, two readers each).

		Final Diagnosis
Luminal Findings		ICAD (N=38)	MMD (N=30)	V (N=8)	P-value (ICAD vs. MMD)*
Occlusion	ACA	0 (0.0)	2 (6.7)	0 (0.0)	0.95†
	MCA	11 (28.9)	6 (20.0)	1 (12.5)
	ICA	14 (36.8)	12 (40.0)	2 (25.0)
	SCA	1 (2.6)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
	None	13 (34.2)	10 (33.3)	5 (62.5)
Collaterals	None	19 (50.0)	6 (20.0)	8 (100.0)	0.033
	Some	15 (39.5)	13 (43.3)	0 (0.0)
	Pronounced	4 (10.5)	11 (36.7)	0 (0.0)
VMI Findings
Eccentric lesion		24 (63.2)	3 (10.0)	0 (0.0)	0.010
Remodeling	Outward	22 (57.9)	2 (6.7)	0 (0.0)	0.003
T2 signal of VW	Heterogenous	21 (55.3)	0 (0.0)	3 (37.5)	0.006
	Juxtaluminal hyperintensity	20 (52.6)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
VW enhancement	Yes	25 (65.8)	4 (13.3)	8 (100.0)	0.010
Enhancement intensity	Mild	16 (64.0)	4 (100.0)	0 (0.0)	0.30
(if enhanced)	Moderate	9 (36.0)	0 (0.0)	8 (100.0)
Pattern of enhancement	Focal	2 (8.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0.41
(if enhanced)	Homogeneous	11 (44.0)	4 (100.0)	6 (75.0)
	Heterogeneous	12 (48.0)	0 (0.0)	2 (25.0)

Values are no. (%) unless otherwise specified;

ACA = anterior cerebral artery; ICA = internal carotid artery; ICAD = intracranial atherosclerotic disease; LI = luminal imaging; MCA = middle cerebral artery; MMD = moyamoya disease; SCA = superior cerebellar artery; V = vasculitis; IVWM = vessel wall imaging;

^*Permutation-test based on the standard Chi-squared test statistic or trend statistic (collateral grade only); only ICAD and MMD groups were compared because the vasculitis group had only three patients;

^†Comparison of any occlusion vs. no occlusion.