Table 3. Cross-Sectional Association of antidepressants with subclinical atherosclerosis.
| Coronary Artery Calcium Prevalence (CAC>0) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| SSRIs PR (95% CI) | TCAs PR (95% CI) | SNRIs PR (95% CI) | Other PR (95% CI) | Non Users | |
|
| |||||
| Model 1 | 1.05 (0.95, 1.15) | 0.99 (0.82, 1.20) | 1.05 (0.82, 1.34) | 0.87 (0.73, 1.04) | Ref |
| Model 2 | 1.04 (0.94, 1.14) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.19) | 1.03 (0.86, 1.25) | 0.88 (0.74, 1.05) | Ref |
| Model 3 | 1.01 (0.92, 1.11) | 0.95 (0.78, 1.14) | 0.98 (0.82, 1.17) | 0.87 (0.73, 1.03) | Ref |
|
| |||||
| Coronary Artery Calcium Amount: log(CAC) among those with CAC>0 | |||||
|
| |||||
| SSRIs Coef (95% CI) | TCAs Coef (95% CI) | SNRIs Coef (95% CI) | Other Coef (95% CI) | Non Users | |
|
| |||||
| Model 1 | -0.04 (-0.33, 0.25) | 0.20 (-0.36, 0.75) | -0.02 (-0.80, 0.75) | -0.09 (-0.62, 0.43) | Ref |
| Model 2 | -0.10 (-0.39, 0.20) | 0.23 (-0.32, 0.78) | -0.19 (-0.96, 0.58) | -0.07 (-0.59, 0.46) | Ref |
| Model 3 | -0.17 (-0.47, 0.12) | 0.17 (-0.38, 0.72) | -0.28 (-1.05, 0.48) | -0.09 (-0.61, 0.43) | Ref |
|
| |||||
| Continuous ABI excludes participants with ABI > 1.40 | |||||
|
| |||||
| SSRIs Coef (95% CI) | TCAs Coef (95% CI) | SNRIs Coef (95% CI) | Other Coef (95% CI) | Non Users | |
|
| |||||
| Model 1 | 0.005 (-0.01, 0.02) | 0.014 (-0.01, 0.04) | -0.018 (-0.05, 0.02) | 0.017 (-0.003, 0.04) | Ref |
| Model 2 | 0.007 (-0.01, 0.02) | 0.016 (-0.01, 0.04) | -0.013 (-0.05, 0.02) | 0.022 (0.003, 0.04) ‡ | Ref |
| Model 3 | 0.009 (-0.003, 0.02) | 0.019 (-0.004, 0.04) | -0.010 (-0.04, 0.02) | 0.023 (0.004, 0.04) ‡ | Ref |
|
| |||||
| Carotid IMT (left distal common carotid mean IMT) | |||||
|
| |||||
| SSRIs Coef (95% CI) | TCAs Coef (95% CI) | SNRIs Coef (95% CI) | Other Coef (95% CI) | Non Users | |
|
| |||||
| Model 1 | 0.011 (-0.02, 0.05) | -0.026 (-0.10, 0.04) | -0.027 (-0.13, 0.08) | 0.00 (-0.05, 0.05) | Ref |
| Model 2 | -0.000 (-0.03, 0.03) | -0.028 (-0.10, 0.04) | -0.035 (-0.14, 0.07) | -0.001 (-0.05, 0.05) | Ref |
| Model 3 | -0.002 (-0.04, 0.03) | -0.031 (-0.10, 0.04) | -0.038 (-0.14, 0.06) | -0.004 (-0.06, 0.05) | Ref |
Model 1 (Demographics): Age, gender, ethnicity, education, income, health insurance; Model 2 (Biological, Psychological & Behaviors): BMI, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, CRP, IL-6, Fibrinogen, CES-D, STAI, smoking, alcohol use, and physical activity; Model 3: Medications and Comorbidities: Diabetes, lipid-lowering medication, antihypertensives, aspirin use. CAC: Coronary calcium. ABI: Ankle-brachial index. IMT: intima-media thickness. SSRIs: Serotonin reuptake inhibitors. TCAs: Tricyclic antidepressants. SNRIs: Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. Other= bupropion, nefazadone, trazodone, mirtrazapine. PR: prevalence ratio
‡
p<0.05