Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for men with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy during 2006–2007 with 5-yr follow-up data a
| Radical prostatectomy | Radiotherapy | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (n = 248) | Controls (n = 4886) | Cases (n = 45) | Controls (n = 881) | |
| Age, yr | 64 (60–67) | 63 (60–66) | 65 (61–68) | 65 (62–68) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Not married | 75 (30) | 1218 (25) | 9 (20) | 287 (33) |
| Married | 173 (70) | 3668 (75) | 36 (80) | 594 (67) |
| Educational level b | ||||
| Low | 78 (32) | 1510 (31) | 17 (38) | 304 (35) |
| Middle | 104 (42) | 2008 (41) | 18 (40) | 386 (44) |
| High | 65 (26) | 1356 (28) | 10 (22) | 186 (21) |
| Annual income c | ||||
| Quartile 1 | 51 (21) | 724 (15) | 9 (20) | 175 (20) |
| Quartile 2 | 51 (21) | 1145 (23) | 13 (29) | 266 (30) |
| Quartile 3 | 65 (26) | 1282 (26) | 18 (40) | 246 (28) |
| Quartile 4 | 81 (33) | 1733 (35) | 5 (11) | 189 (22) |
| Prostate-specific antigen, ng/ml | 9.0 (6.3–12.2) | 6.4 (4.7–9.2) | 9.0 (6.5–15.0) | 7.5 (5.6–11.0) |
| Clinical stage | ||||
| T1 | 127 (51) | 3467 (71) | 20 (44) | 526 (60) |
| T2 | 121 (49) | 1419 (29) | 25 (56) | 355 (40) |
| Biopsy Gleason grade group d | ||||
| GGG 1 | 129 (52) | 3308 (68) | 11 (24) | 490 (56) |
| GGG 2 | 64 (26) | 991 (20) | 13 (29) | 210 (24) |
| GGG 3 | 31 (12) | 333 (7) | 7 (16) | 75 (9) |
| GGG 4 | 17 (7) | 192 (4) | 9 (20) | 63 (7) |
| GGG 5 | 5 (2) | 56 (1) | 5 (11) | 43 (5) |
| Missing data | 2 (1) | 6 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Proportion of positive biopsies | ||||
| ≤33% | 91 (37) | 2508 (51) | 12 (27) | 339 (38) |
| >33% | 120 (48) | 1699 (35) | 23 (51) | 388 (44) |
| Missing data | 37 (15) | 679 (14) | 10 (22) | 154 (17) |
| PDE5i use | ||||
| No | 111 (45) | 1825 (37) | 32 (71) | 608 (69) |
| Yes | 137 (55) | 3061 (63) | 13 (29) | 273 (31) |
| Pathologic stage | ||||
| <pT3 | 113 (46) | 3364 (69) | ||
| pT3+ | 113 (46) | 926 (19) | ||
| Missing data | 22 (9) | 596 (12) | ||
| Positive margins | ||||
| No | 89 (36) | 3204 (66) | ||
| Yes | 101 (41) | 793 (16) | ||
| Indeterminate | 44 (18) | 536 (11) | ||
| Missing data | 14 (6) | 353 (7) | ||
| Pathological Gleason grade group d | ||||
| GGG 1 | 72 (29) | 2279 (47) | ||
| GGG 2 | 75 (30) | 1588 (33) | ||
| GGG 3 | 61 (25) | 543 (11) | ||
| GGG 4 | 16 (6) | 130 (3) | ||
| GGG 5 | 12 (5) | 47 (1) | ||
| Missing data | 12 (5) | 299 (6) | ||
Cases experienced biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer, while controls did not. Data are presented as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables and as n (%) for categorical variables.
Only available for men with PSA <20 ng/ml and T1–2, not N1/M1.
Educational levels: low = compulsory school (<10 yr); middle = upper secondary school (10–12 yr); high = college or university (>12 yr).
Quartiles are based on a background male population free from prostate cancer, matched for year of birth and county of residence.
Gleason grade groups: GGG 1 = Gleason score ≤6; GGG 2 = Gleason score 3 + 4; GGG 3 = Gleason score 4 + 3; GGG 4 = Gleason score 8; GGG 5 = Gleason score 9–10. GGG was considered to be missing for men with Gleason score 7 but indeterminate Gleason grades.