Table 1.

Sociodemographic, Medical, Behavioral, and Inflammatory Biomarker Characteristics of Study Participants.

	Journal Group	N	TAU	N	p value
Age years (mean, s.d.)	66.43 (8.4)	24	66.0 (7.1)	34	.87
Sex (% male)	95.2	24	86.4	34	.32
Race (% white)	73.7	24	63.6	34	.27
College Degree (%)	38.5	24	29.2	34	.50
LVEF (%, s.d.)	62.9 (9.4)	24	62.9 (5.7)	34	.99
BMI kg/meter (mean, s.d.)	29.6 (5.5)	24	29.8 (4.2)	34	.87
GQ6 (mean, s.d.)	32.0 (9.01)	24	33.6 (6.96)	34	.60
Marital (% married)	55.0	24	47.4	34	.63
LTEQ (mean, s.d.)	32.04 (30.14)	24	36.59 (26.89)	34	.67
Diabetes (%)	36.8	24	27.8	34	.56
Etiology (%)		24		34	.51
Myocarditis	0		3.0
Hypertrophic	13.6		15.2
MI	13.6		18.2
Idiopathic	4.5		0
Ischemic	18.2		0
Hypertension	31.8		42.4
Valvular	4.5		6.1
Other	13.6		15.2
Inflamm Factor	0.18 (0.82)	19	−0.26 (1.13)	24	.19
log sTNFr1 (pg/ml)	7.03 (0.40)		7.04 (0.49)		.98
log CRP (mg/dl)	.82 (1.26)		.92 (1.66)		.84
log TNF alpha (pg/ml)	1.06 (0.28)		0.94 (0.30)		.51
log IL-6 (pg/ml)*	0.87 (0.61)		0.34 (0.55)		.010
log RMSSD	3.53 (0.87)	17	3.41 (0.71)	18	.89
log HF power	5.31 (2.13)	15	5.57 (0.86)	16	.78
log SD1	3.09 (0.84)	17	3.05 (0.70)	18	.92

Independent t-tests and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine significant group differences. s.d. = standard deviation; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; BMI = body mass index; GQ6 = gratitude questionnaire – 6 item; LTEQ = Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire; MI = myocardial infarction; sTNFr1 = soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1; IL-6 = interleukin 6; RMSSD = root mean square successive differences; HF power = high frequency power; SD1 = standard deviation of the distances of the RRi to the slope of the line

^*p < .05