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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychosom Med. 2016 Jul-Aug;78(6):667–676. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000316

Table 2.

Group resting levels across time.

Gratitude Journaling Group Treatment as Usual

Pre- Mid- Post- Pre- Mid- Post- η 2 Observed Power P
GQ6 mean (SD) 31.7 35.04 33.48 33.6 33.60 34.86 .10 .67 .017
(9.01) (7.86) (8.10) (6.96) (5.52) (6.06)
log RMSSD mean (SD) 3.53 - 3.60 3.41 - 3.59 < .001 .05 .99
(0.87) - (0.67) (0.71) - (0.80)
log HFp mean (SD) 5.31 - 5.42 5.57 - 5.14 .04 .15 .35
(2.13) - (1.66) (0.86) - (1.41)
log SD1 mean (SD) 3.09 - 3.23 3.05 - 3.22 .002 .06 .81
(0.84) - (0.67) (0.70) - (0.80)
Infamm. factor mean (SD) 0.16 - −0.33 −0.25 - −0.05 .21 .86 .004
(0.82) - (0.91) (1.13) - (0.97)
    Log CRP (mg/dl) .82 - .09 .92 - .61
(1.26) - (0.91) (1.66) - (1.23)
    Log IL-6 (pg/ml) .87 - .59 .34 - .49
(.61) - (.54) (.55) - (.54)
    Log TNFa (pg/ml) 1.06 - 1.09 .94 - 1.06
(.28) - (.35) (.30) - (.38)
    Log sTNFrl (pg/ml) 7.03 - 6.82 7.04 - 6.95
(.40) - (.52) (.49) - (.44)
LTEQ mean (SD) 32.04 - 36.31 36.59 - 37.56 .003 .06 .84
(30.14) (28.62) (26.89 (27.81)

Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANCOVAs, adjusting for %LVEF, Stage B etiology in all analyses plus BMI (kg/meter) for inflammation biomarkers. P values represent group x time interactions. ANCOVA = analysis of co-variance; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; BMI = body mass index; SD = standard deviation; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; BMI = body mass index; GQ6 = gratitude questionnaire – 6 item; LTEQ = Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire; sTNFr1 = soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1; IL-6 = interleukin 6; RMSSD = root mean square successive differences; HF power = high frequency power; SD1 = standard deviation of the distances of the RRi to the slope of the line.