Table 1.

Neural substrates and their putative role in decision making.

Neural substrate	Role in decision making	Reference
Amygdala	Processes/computes the value of negative stimuli	Yacubian et al. (2006) and Basten et al. (2010)
Ventral striatum	Processes/computes the value of positive stimuli	Yacubian et al. (2006); Basten et al. (2010) and Lim et al. (2011)
Ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)	Calculates the difference of value signals from amygdala and ventral striatum in value based decisions	Basten et al. (2010) and Philiastides et al. (2011)
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC)	Calculates the difference of signals from amygdala and ventral striatum in perceptual decisions	Basten et al. (2010) and Philiastides et al. (2011)
Lateral intraparietal cortex (LIP)	Accumulates and integrates the value of evidence processed by the vmPFC (evidence largely from monkeys)	Platt and Glimcher (1999); Platt (2002); Basten et al. (2010) and Rorie et al. (2010)
	A cortical area involved in gaze fixation, saccade, and attention, underlying evidence accumulation	Coe et al. (2002) and Goldberg et al. (2006)