Fig. 1.

Effects of VCP on cell proliferation, cell cycle-associated protein expression, and cell cycle progression in HCT116 and RKO cells. a The expression level of VCP was detected by western blot after lenti-VCP or shVCP transfection. Actin was used as the internal control. Western blot was repeated three times. b Effects of VCP knockdown and over-expression on the proliferation of CRC cells. Cell proliferation after transfection was assessed by MTT assay. Values are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. c and d Representative images of the cell cycle analysis of indicated CRC cells. VCP knockdown induced G1 cell cycle arrest in HCT116 cells, and VCP over-expression increased in the number of RKO cells in S phase. The percentage of cells in each phase of the cell cycle is presented as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments. e CRC cells were subjected to western blot analysis for the indicated protein expression. Actin was used as the internal control. Western blot was repeated three times